如何通过特定的字符串元素将字符串列表拆分为字符串子列表 [英] How to split a list-of-strings into sublists-of-strings by a specific string element

问题描述

我有一个单词列表如下.我想按.拆分列表. Python 3中是否有任何更好或更有用的代码?

I have a word list like below. I want to split the list by .. Is there any better or useful code in Python 3?

a = ['this', 'is', 'a', 'cat', '.', 'hello', '.', 'she', 'is', 'nice', '.']
result = []
tmp = []
for elm in a:
    if elm is not '.':
        tmp.append(elm)
    else:
        result.append(tmp)
        tmp = []
print(result)
# result: [['this', 'is', 'a', 'cat'], ['hello'], ['she', 'is', 'nice']]

更新

添加测试用例以正确处理它.

Update

Add test cases to handle it correctly.

a = ['this', 'is', 'a', 'cat', '.', 'hello', '.', 'she', 'is', 'nice', '.']
b = ['this', 'is', 'a', 'cat', '.', 'hello', '.', 'she', 'is', 'nice', '.', 'yes']
c = ['.', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'cat', '.', 'hello', '.', 'she', 'is', 'nice', '.', 'yes']
def split_list(list_data, split_word='.'):
    result = []
    sub_data = []
    for elm in list_data:
        if elm is not split_word:
            sub_data.append(elm)
        else:
            if len(sub_data) != 0:
                result.append(sub_data)
            sub_data = []
    if len(sub_data) != 0:
        result.append(sub_data)
    return result

print(split_list(a)) # [['this', 'is', 'a', 'cat'], ['hello'], ['she', 'is', 'nice']]
print(split_list(b)) # [['this', 'is', 'a', 'cat'], ['hello'], ['she', 'is', 'nice'], ['yes']]
print(split_list(c)) # [['this', 'is', 'a', 'cat'], ['hello'], ['she', 'is', 'nice'], ['yes']]

推荐答案

使用itertools.groupby

from itertools import groupby
a = ['this', 'is', 'a', 'cat', '.', 'hello', '.', 'she', 'is', 'nice', '.']
result = [list(g) for k,g in groupby(a,lambda x:x=='.') if not k]
print (result)
#[['this', 'is', 'a', 'cat'], ['hello'], ['she', 'is', 'nice']]

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