错误:在Mac Mountian Lion OS上安装Rails时无法构建gem native扩展 [英] error: failed to build gem native extension when installing rails on mac mountian lion os

问题描述

我最近更新到Mountain Lion并重新安装了Ruby，但是当我尝试运行测试Rails应用程序时，出现一条错误消息，提示系统上当前未安装"Rails".我按照它的意思输入sudo gem install rails并得到:

I've recently updated to Mountain Lion and re-installed Ruby, but when I try to run a test Rails app, I get an error message that says that "Rails is not currently installed" on my system. I do what it says, type sudo gem install rails and get:

cleared faster_require caches due to new gem install...
Successfully installed rails-3.2.7
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for rails-3.2.7...
Installing RDoc documentation for rails-3.2.7...

但是当我检查安装的是哪个Rails版本时，这就是我得到的:

But when I check to see which rails version is install, here is what I get:

Rails is not currently installed on this system. To get the latest version, simply type:

    $ sudo gem install rails

You can then rerun your "rails" command.

我也尝试过gem install rails并获得:

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing rails:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /Users/aileen/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby extconf.rb
creating Makefile

make
compiling generator.c
make: /usr/bin/gcc-4.2: No such file or directory
make: *** [generator.o] Error 1


Gem files will remain installed in /Users/aileen/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@rails327/gems/json-1.7.4 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/aileen/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@rails327/gems/json-1.7.4/ext/json/ext/generator/gem_make.out

推荐答案

我发现您在 OS X 10.8上使用 rvm 使用 ruby​​ 1.9.3 .2(山狮) Rails引用的某些宝石可能需要/usr/bin 中的 gcc-4.2 来构建本机扩展.

I see that you are using ruby 1.9.3 using rvm on OS X 10.8.2 (Mountain lion) It's possible that some gems referenced by rails need gcc-4.2 in /usr/bin to build native estension.

在Mountain Lion中，即使安装了 Xcode 4.5 CLI工具(打开菜单XCode-Preferences..Download-> Command Line Tools)，您仍会得到/usr/bin/gcc ，但不是/usr/bin/gcc-4.2 ；不幸的是，某些本机扩展的构建过程依赖于/usr/bin/gcc-4.2

In Mountain Lion , even after installing Xcode 4.5 CLI tools ( opening the menu XCode - Preferences..Download -> Command Line Tools ) you get /usr/bin/gcc but not /usr/bin/gcc-4.2; unfortunately the build process of some native extension relies on /usr/bin/gcc-4.2

但是，我只是在您这样的环境中顺利安装了滑轨. 我以前按照Carina C.Zona的博客文章中的讨论修复了环境:，即:

However I just installed rails smoothly on an environment such as your. I previously fixed the environment as discussed in the Carina C. Zona's blog post: Fix for "make: /usr/bin/gcc-4.2: No such file or directory", that is:

• 确保已安装Homebrew

• make sure you have installed Homebrew

酿造--version

brew --version

应报告0.9.3或更高版本

should report 0.9.3 or greater

• 如果您还没有酿造请按照以下说明进行安装
• 如果您使用的是旧版本，请对其进行更新:

酿造更新

现在您可以安装gcc-4.2并在构建系统重视的地方创建一个symbolink链接

now you can install gcc-4.2 and create a symbolink link where is aspected by the build system

自来水自酿/重复

brew tap homebrew/dupes

简单安装apple-gcc42

brew install apple-gcc42

sudo ln -s/usr/local/bin/gcc-4.2/usr/bin/gcc-4.2

sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/gcc-4.2 /usr/bin/gcc-4.2

现在您已经准备好成功安装rails

now you're ready to successfully install rails

gem安装导轨

gem install rails

您应该获得类似这样的输出

You should get output something like this

Fetching: i18n-0.6.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: activesupport-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: builder-3.0.4.gem (100%)
Fetching: activemodel-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-cache-1.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-test-0.6.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: journey-1.0.4.gem (100%)
Fetching: hike-1.2.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: sprockets-2.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: erubis-2.7.0.gem (100%)
Fetching: actionpack-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: arel-3.0.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: tzinfo-0.3.34.gem (100%)
Fetching: activerecord-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: activeresource-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: polyglot-0.3.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: treetop-1.4.12.gem (100%)
Fetching: mail-2.4.4.gem (100%)
Fetching: actionmailer-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-ssl-1.3.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: railties-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: rails-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Successfully installed i18n-0.6.1
Successfully installed activesupport-3.2.8
Successfully installed builder-3.0.4
Successfully installed activemodel-3.2.8
Successfully installed rack-cache-1.2
Successfully installed rack-test-0.6.2
Successfully installed journey-1.0.4
Successfully installed hike-1.2.1
Successfully installed sprockets-2.1.3
Successfully installed erubis-2.7.0
Successfully installed actionpack-3.2.8
Successfully installed arel-3.0.2
Successfully installed tzinfo-0.3.34
Successfully installed activerecord-3.2.8
Successfully installed activeresource-3.2.8
Successfully installed polyglot-0.3.3
Successfully installed treetop-1.4.12
Successfully installed mail-2.4.4
Successfully installed actionmailer-3.2.8
Successfully installed rack-ssl-1.3.2
Successfully installed railties-3.2.8
Successfully installed rails-3.2.8
22 gems installed
Installing ri documentation for i18n-0.6.1...
Building YARD (yri) index for i18n-0.6.1...
Installing ri documentation for activesupport-3.2.8...
Building YARD (yri) index for activesupport-3.2.8...
Installing ri documentation for builder-3.0.4...
Building YARD (yri) index for builder-3.0.4...
Installing ri documentation for activemodel-3.2.8...
Building YARD (yri) index for activemodel-3.2.8...
Installing ri documentation for rack-cache-1.2...
Building YARD (yri) index for rack-cache-1.2...
Installing ri documentation for rack-test-0.6.2...
Building YARD (yri) index for rack-test-0.6.2...
Installing ri documentation for journey-1.0.4...
Building YARD (yri) index for journey-1.0.4...
Installing ri documentation for hike-1.2.1...
Building YARD (yri) index for hike-1.2.1...
Installing ri documentation for sprockets-2.1.3...
Building YARD (yri) index for sprockets-2.1.3...
Installing ri documentation for erubis-2.7.0...
Building YARD (yri) index for erubis-2.7.0...
Installing ri documentation for actionpack-3.2.8...
Building YARD (yri) index for actionpack-3.2.8...
Installing ri documentation for arel-3.0.2...
Building YARD (yri) index for arel-3.0.2...
Installing ri documentation for tzinfo-0.3.34...
Building YARD (yri) index for tzinfo-0.3.34...
Installing ri documentation for activerecord-3.2.8...
Building YARD (yri) index for activerecord-3.2.8...
Installing ri documentation for activeresource-3.2.8...
Building YARD (yri) index for activeresource-3.2.8...
Installing ri documentation for polyglot-0.3.3...
Building YARD (yri) index for polyglot-0.3.3...
Installing ri documentation for treetop-1.4.12...
Building YARD (yri) index for treetop-1.4.12...
Installing ri documentation for mail-2.4.4...
Building YARD (yri) index for mail-2.4.4...
Installing ri documentation for actionmailer-3.2.8...
Building YARD (yri) index for actionmailer-3.2.8...
Installing ri documentation for rack-ssl-1.3.2...
Building YARD (yri) index for rack-ssl-1.3.2...
Installing ri documentation for railties-3.2.8...
Building YARD (yri) index for railties-3.2.8...
Installing ri documentation for rails-3.2.8...
Building YARD (yri) index for rails-3.2.8...
Installing RDoc documentation for i18n-0.6.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for activesupport-3.2.8...
Installing RDoc documentation for builder-3.0.4...
Installing RDoc documentation for activemodel-3.2.8...
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-cache-1.2...
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-test-0.6.2...
Installing RDoc documentation for journey-1.0.4...
Installing RDoc documentation for hike-1.2.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for sprockets-2.1.3...
Installing RDoc documentation for erubis-2.7.0...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionpack-3.2.8...
Installing RDoc documentation for arel-3.0.2...
Installing RDoc documentation for tzinfo-0.3.34...
Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-3.2.8...
Installing RDoc documentation for activeresource-3.2.8...
Installing RDoc documentation for polyglot-0.3.3...
Installing RDoc documentation for treetop-1.4.12...
Installing RDoc documentation for mail-2.4.4...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionmailer-3.2.8...
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-ssl-1.3.2...
Installing RDoc documentation for railties-3.2.8...
Installing RDoc documentation for rails-3.2.8...

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