如何根据第三个单词对文本文件中的行进行排序? [英] How can I sort lines in a text file based on the third word?

问题描述

我要做的是根据学生的名字，身份证，成绩和成绩在文本文件中对他们的详细信息进行排序.

What I am trying to do is sort the students' details in a text file based on their first name, id, results and grades.

这是我的Text_File.txt的样子:(每个单词用制表符'\ t'分隔)

Here is what my Text_File.txt looks like: (each word is separated by tab '\t')

rose     ramzi     154ss6    85    A
john     watson    123aq1    96    A+
ellen    thomas    qs2115    75    B+

我正在尝试根据第三个单词(这是学生的ID)以升序对文本文件中的行进行排序.

I am trying to sort the lines in my text file in ascending order based on the third word (which is the student's ID).

我可以使用名字对列表进行排序，还可以提取第三个单词并尝试使用sort()函数，但是仍然无法按ID进行排序.

I was able to sort the list with the first name and also I could extract the third word and tried using sort() function but it is still not sorting by ID.

这是我的sorting_by_id代码:

int main() {
    fstream input("Text_File.txt", ios::in | ios::out);
    string line;
    vector<string> lines;


    while (getline(input, line))
        lines.push_back(line);
    sort(lines.begin(), lines.end(), [](const string& a, const string& b) {
        int wordStartPositionA = 0, wordStartPositionB = 0;//The start of each word in the string

        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)//looking for the third word in 1st sentence
            wordStartPositionA = a.find_first_of('  ', wordStartPositionA + 1);

        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)//looking for the third word in 2nd sentence
            wordStartPositionB = b.find_first_of('  ', wordStartPositionB + 1);

        //Getting where our word ends:
        int wordEndPositionA = a.find_first_of('    ', wordStartPositionA + 1);
        int wordEndPositionB = b.find_first_of('    ', wordStartPositionB + 1);

        //Getting the desired word
        string resultA = a.substr(wordStartPositionA + 1, a.length() - wordEndPositionA - 1);
        string resultB = b.substr(wordStartPositionB + 1, b.length() - wordEndPositionB - 1);

        //cout << resultA << "  " << resultB << endl;

        return resultA < resultB;

    });
    for_each(lines.begin(), lines.end(), [](const string& s) {
        cout << s << endl; });

    getchar();
    return 0;
}

我的目的是根据学生的身份证号对他们进行排序.

My aim is to sort the students based on their ID number.

谢谢您的帮助:)

推荐答案

您需要一些数据抽象.

首先定义合适的数据类型:

First define a suitable data type:

struct Student
{
    std::string firstName;
    std::string lastName;
    std::string id;
    int result;
    std::string grade;
};

然后，您定义如何读取其中之一:

then you define how to read one of them:

std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, Student& s)
{
    return is >> s.firstName >> s.lastName >> s.id >> s.result >> s.grade;
}

然后您阅读它们:

int main() 
{
    std::ifstream input("Text_File.txt");
    std::vector<Student> students;
    Student s;
    while (input >> s)
    {
        students.push_back(s);
    }

然后您可以轻松按ID对它们进行排序:

then you can easily sort them by id:

std::sort(students.begin(), 
          students.end(), 
          [](const Student& s1, const Student& s2) { return s1.id < s2.id; });

或减少结果:

std::sort(students.begin(), 
          students.end(), 
          [](const Student& s1, const Student& s2) { return s1.result > s2.result; });

或其他任何方式.

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