将固定宽度的txt文件转换为CSV/set-content或out-file-append吗? [英] Convert fixed width txt file to CSV / set-content or out-file -append?
问题描述
输入文件是固定宽度的txt文件.我的客户通常在Excel中打开它,并手动指定分行符.我希望用逗号替换某些空格,以便我可以解析为CSV并另存为XLS或其他格式.
Input file is a fixed-width txt file. My client normally opens it in Excel and manually specifies the column breaks. I'm hoping to replace certain blank spaces with a comma, so that I can parse as CSV and save as XLS or whatever.
$columBreaks = 20, 35, 50, 80, 100, 111, 131, 158, 161, 167, 183
[array]::Reverse($columBreaks) #too lazy to re-write array after finding out I need to iterate in reverse
$files = get-childitem ./ |where-object {$_.Name -like "FileFormat*.txt"}
foreach($file in $files)
{
$name = $file.Name.split(".")
$csvFile = $name[0]+".csv"
if (!(get-childitem ./ |where-object {$_.Name -like $csvFile})) #check whether file has been processed
{
$text = (gc $file)
foreach ($line in $text)
{
foreach ($pos in $columBreaks)
{
#$line.Substring($char-1,3).replace(" ", ",")
$line = $line.Insert($pos,",")
#out-file -append?
}
}
}
#set-content?
}
那么写出此内容的最有效方法是什么?我曾希望使用set-content,但是由于我们正在逐行处理,所以我认为这是不可能的,所以我想我要么必须为set-content构建一行行,要么使用write-为每次迭代追加.有没有更有效的方法可以做到这一点?
So what's the most efficient way to write this content out? I had hoped to use set-content, but I don't think that's possible since we're processing line by line, so I think I would either have to build an array of lines for set-content, or use write-out -append for each iteration. Is there a more efficient way to do this?
推荐答案
Set-Content应该可以很好地进行一些小的调整.这是一个示例,它如何工作(这是外部foreach循环中的所有内容):
Set-Content should work fine with some minor adjustments. Here is an example of how it should work (this is everything within your outer foreach loop):
$csvFile = $file.BaseName
if (!(get-childitem ./ |where-object {$_.Name -like $csvFile})) #check whether file has been processed
{
(gc $file | foreach {
$_.Insert($columBreaks[0],",").Insert($columBreaks[1],",").Insert($columBreaks[2],",").`
Insert($columBreaks[3],",").Insert($columBreaks[4],",").Insert($columBreaks[5],",").`
Insert($columBreaks[6],",").Insert($columBreaks[7],",").Insert($columBreaks[8],",").`
Insert($columBreaks[9],",").Insert($columBreaks[10],",")
}) | set-content $csvFile #note parenthesis around everything that gets piped to set-content
}
顺便说一句,您无需使用'.'分割文件名,而只需使用$file.BaseName
即可获得不带扩展名的名称:
By the way, instead of splitting the filename on the '.', you can just get the name without the extension by using $file.BaseName
:
$csvFile = $file.BaseName + ".csv"
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