如何使用换行符@在python上读取csv [英] How to read csv on python with newline separator @

问题描述

我需要在Python上读取一个csv，并且我拥有的文本文件具有以下结构:

I need to read a csv on Python, and the text file that I have has this structure:

"114555","CM13","0004","0","C/U"@"99172","CM13","0001","0","C/U"@"178672","CM13","0001","0","C/U"

厚度:

换行符:@

到目前为止，我的代码:

My code so far:

import csv
data = []
with open('stock.csv') as csvfile:
    reader = csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=',', lineterminator='@')
    for row in reader:
        data.append({'MATERIAL':  row[0],'CENTRO': row[1], 'ALMACEN': row[2], 'STOCK_VALORIZADO' : row[3], 'STOCK_UMB':row[4]})


print(data)  #this print just one row

此代码仅打印一行，因为它无法将@识别为换行符， 并用引号将其打印出来:

This code only print one row, because it's not recognize @ as a newline, and prints it with quotes:

[{'MATERIAL': '114555', 'CENTRO': 'CM13', 'ALMACEN': '0004', 'STOCK_VALORIZADO': '0', 'STOCK_UMB': 'C/U@"99172"'}]

推荐答案

根据 https://docs.python.org/2/library/csv.html : 读者被硬编码为将'\ r'或'\ n'识别为行尾，而忽略了行终止符.这种行为将来可能会改变." 因此，现在，提供参数lineterminator='@'无效.

According to https://docs.python.org/2/library/csv.html : "The reader is hard-coded to recognise either '\r' or '\n' as end-of-line, and ignores lineterminator. This behavior may change in the future." Hence for now, providing the argument lineterminator='@' will not work.

我认为最好的选择是将整个文件读入一个变量，并替换所有的'@'字符，您可以按照以下步骤进行操作:

I think the best option is to read your entire file into a variable, and replace all '@' characters, you can do this as follows:

with open("stock.csv", "r") as myfile:
    data = myfile.read().replace('@', '\n')

根据python文档，现在您需要以一种可以将变量data传递给csv.reader(而不是文件stock.csv)的方式来调整算法:

Now you need to adjust your algorithm in such a way that you can pass the variable data to csv.reader (instead of the file stock.csv), according to the python doc:

"" iterable参数可以是任何返回行的对象 每次迭代的输入，例如文件对象或列表. [...] "

"The "iterable" argument can be any object that returns a line of input for each iteration, such as a file object or a list. [...]"

因此，您可以将data.splitlines()传递给csv.reader.

Hence you can pass data.splitlines() to csv.reader.

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