Selenium WebDriver:Firefox启动，但未打开URL [英] Selenium WebDriver: Firefox starts, but does not open the URL
问题描述
我是第一次安装Selenium，但入门上遇到困难.
I've just installed Selenium for the first time, and I'm having trouble to get started.
使用pip可以很好地进行安装:
Installation went fine with pip:
pip install selenium
而且我可以在Python中import selenium.
And I can import selenium within Python.
现在，我正在尝试运行以下示例脚本:
Now I'm trying to run the following sample script:
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.python.org")
assert "Python" in driver.title
发生的情况是Firefox打开，但没有导航到" http://www.python.org "(类似于在此问题中描述的行为-它仅显示空白页)
What happens is that Firefox opens, but it does not navigate to "http://www.python.org" (similar to the behaviour described in this question - it only shows a blank page)
大约60秒钟没有任何反应，直到引发以下异常:
For about 60 seconds nothing happens, until the following exception raised:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "selenium-test.py", line 4, in <module>
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
File "/home/usr1/.local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 61, in __init__
desired_capabilities=capabilities)
File "/home/usr1/.local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 72, in __init__
self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)
File "/home/usr1/.local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 114, in start_session
'desiredCapabilities': desired_capabilities,
File "/home/usr1/.local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 165, in execute
self.error_handler.check_response(response)
File "/home/usr1/.local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 136, in check_response
raise exception_class(value)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: u'<HTML><HEAD>\r\n<TITLE>Network Error</TITLE>\r\n</HEAD>\r\n<BODY>\r\n<FONT face="Helvetica">\r\n<big><strong></strong></big><BR>\r\n</FONT>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<TABLE border=0 cellPadding=1 width="80%">\r\n<TR><TD>\r\n<FONT face="Helvetica">\r\n<big>Network Error (tcp_error)</big>\r\n<BR>\r\n<BR>\r\n</FONT>\r\n</TD></TR>\r\n<TR><TD>\r\n<FONT face="Helvetica">\r\nA communication error occurred: "Operation timed out"\r\n</FONT>\r\n</TD></TR>\r\n<TR><TD>\r\n<FONT face="Helvetica">\r\nThe Web Server may be down, too busy, or experiencing other problems preventing it from responding to requests. You may wish to try again at a later time.\r\n</FONT>\r\n</TD></TR>\r\n<TR><TD>\r\n<FONT face="Helvetica" SIZE=2>\r\n<BR>\r\nFor assistance, contact your network support team.\r\n</FONT>\r\n</TD></TR>\r\n</TABLE>\r\n</blockquote>\r\n</FONT>\r\n</BODY></HTML>'
这些是软件版本
- Firefox ESR 17.0.5
- 硒(Python绑定)2.35.0
- Python 2.6.6
- Red Had Linux 6.3
- 已安装"Firefox WebDriver 2.35.0"浏览器扩展
推荐答案
好吧，在搜索了一会儿之后，我注意到通常该问题是Selenium中的错误(可能，但不太可能)或代理问题. 尽管如此，没有任何关于如何解决代理问题的答案似乎起作用.
Ok, after searching around for a while I noticed that usually the problem was a bug in Selenium (possible, but rather unlikely), or a proxy issue. Still, none of the answers suggesting how to solve the proxy issue seemed to work.
最后我明白了:您需要在所有位置取消设置所有代理设置(环境变量，在我的情况下，这是Gnome上的问题).稍后在创建网络驱动程序时，您需要传递一个配置文件，该配置文件将浏览器代理设置设置为您实际使用的设置(在我的情况下为自动配置网址)
Finally I got it: you need to unset all proxy settings everywhere (environment variables, and - in my case this was the issue- on Gnome). Later when you create the webdriver, you need to pass a profile which sets the browser proxy settings to what you actually use (in my case an automatic config url)
1)取消设置http_proxy环境变量(由urllib使用)
1) Unset the http_proxy environment variable (which is used by urllib)
export http_proxy=
2):已清除Gnome代理设置: 系统->首选项->网络代理->选择直接Internet连接"
2) Cleared Gnome proxy settings: System --> Preferences --> Network Proxy --> Select "Direct Internet Connection"
3)从webdriver.Firefox()开始，该配置文件用于配置代理(在这种情况下，这是自动代理配置)
3) Started webdriver.Firefox() with a profile which configures the proxy (in this case it's an automatic proxy configuration)
fp = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
# Here "2" stands for "Automatic Proxy Configuration"
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.type", 2)
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.autoconfig_url",
"http://proxy-address-here:8080/")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=fp)
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