使用PyQt5/Pyside2将重复的SVG模式设置为主窗口/Qwidget背景 [英] Using PyQt5/Pyside2 to set a repeating SVG pattern as main window/Qwidget background
问题描述
我已经通过 http://www.heropatterns.com/生成了SVG CSS代码，并我正在尝试将其用作我的主窗口/Qwidget的背景.我希望随着窗口的增大或缩小来调整背景大小.我尝试使用生成的css作为参数传递来调用Form.setStyleSheet()，但是我只得到了模式中的两种颜色(背景色)之一.将SVG显示为QWidget主窗口的背景并查看完整模式的正确方法是什么?我知道 QSvgRenderer 存在，但是，我不确定我是否曾经创建QSvgRenderer对象，然后从那里开始使SVG成为可调整大小的背景.有人告诉我在样式表中使用background-repeat: repeat;属性，但是并没有改变任何内容.
I've generated the SVG css code through http://www.heropatterns.com/ and I'm trying to use it as the background for my main window/Qwidget. I want the background to resize as the window grows bigger or shrinks. I tried calling Form.setStyleSheet() with the generated css being passed in as an argument, but I only get the one of the two colors(the backround color) in the pattern. What's the proper way to display a SVG as the backround of the main QWidget window and see the complete pattern? I know QSvgRenderer exists, however, I'm not sure once I create the QSvgRenderer object where I go from there to make the SVG a resizable background. I was told to use background-repeat: repeat; property in the style sheet, however, that didn't change anything.
这是我写的最小，完整和可验证的示例:
Here's the Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example I wrote:
class Ui_Form(object):
def setupUi(self, Form):
Form.setObjectName("Form")
Form.resize(400, 300)
self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(Form)
self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
self.horizontalLayout_2.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout)
self.retranslateUi(Form)
Form.setStyleSheet("""background-repeat: repeat; background-color: #000000;
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='28' height='49' viewBox='0 0 28 49'%3E%3Cg fill-rule='evenodd'%3E%3Cg id='hexagons' fill='%23b0b0b0' fill-opacity='0.4' fill-rule='nonzero'%3E%3Cpath d='M13.99 9.25l13 7.5v15l-13 7.5L1 31.75v-15l12.99-7.5zM3 17.9v12.7l10.99 6.34 11-6.35V17.9l-11-6.34L3 17.9zM0 15l12.98-7.5V0h-2v6.35L0 12.69v2.3zm0 18.5L12.98 41v8h-2v-6.85L0 35.81v-2.3zM15 0v7.5L27.99 15H28v-2.31h-.01L17 6.35V0h-2zm0 49v-8l12.99-7.5H28v2.31h-.01L17 42.15V49h-2z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");""")
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)
def retranslateUi(self, Form):
Form.setWindowTitle(QtWidgets.QApplication.translate("Form", "Form", None, -1))
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
Form = QtWidgets.QWidget()
ui = Ui_Form()
ui.setupUi(Form)
Form.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
当前表单外观:
表格的外观:
SVG模式的XML表示形式
XML representation of SVG pattern
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28" height="49" viewBox="0 0 28 49"><g fill-rule="evenodd"><g id="hexagons" fill="#000" fill-rule="nonzero"><path d="M13.99 9.25l13 7.5v15l-13 7.5L1 31.75v-15l12.99-7.5zM3 17.9v12.7l10.99 6.34 11-6.35V17.9l-11-6.34L3 17.9zM0 15l12.98-7.5V0h-2v6.35L0 12.69v2.3zm0 18.5L12.98 41v8h-2v-6.85L0 35.81v-2.3zM15 0v7.5L27.99 15H28v-2.31h-.01L17 6.35V0h-2zm0 49v-8l12.99-7.5H28v2.31h-.01L17 42.15V49h-2z"/></g></g></svg>
更改按钮背景的示例:
from PySide2 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_Form(object):
def setupUi(self, Form):
Form.setObjectName("Form")
Form.resize(400, 300)
self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(Form)
self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
self.horizontalLayout_2.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout)
self.Start_Stop_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form)
sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.Start_Stop_button.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.Start_Stop_button.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.Start_Stop_button.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(0, 0))
self.Start_Stop_button.setBaseSize(QtCore.QSize(0, 0))
self.Start_Stop_button.setIconSize(QtCore.QSize(16, 16))
self.Start_Stop_button.setFlat(False)
self.Start_Stop_button.setObjectName("Start_Stop_button")
contents = b"<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='28' height='49' viewBox='0 0 28 49'><g fill-rule='evenodd'><g id='hexagons' fill='#b0b0b0' fill-opacity='0.4' fill-rule='nonzero'><path d='M13.99 9.25l13 7.5v15l-13 7.5L1 31.75v-15l12.99-7.5zM3 17.9v12.7l10.99 6.34 11-6.35V17.9l-11-6.34L3 17.9zM0 15l12.98-7.5V0h-2v6.35L0 12.69v2.3zm0 18.5L12.98 41v8h-2v-6.85L0 35.81v-2.3zM15 0v7.5L27.99 15H28v-2.31h-.01L17 6.35V0h-2zm0 49v-8l12.99-7.5H28v2.31h-.01L17 42.15V49h-2z'/></g></g></svg>"
file = QtCore.QTemporaryFile(Form)
if file.open():
file.write(contents)
file.flush()
Form.setStyleSheet("""background-color: #000000;
background-image: url(%s);""" % file.fileName())
#Form.show()
self.retranslateUi(Form)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)
def retranslateUi(self, Form):
Form.setWindowTitle(QtWidgets.QApplication.translate("Form", "Form", None, -1))
self.Start_Stop_button.setText(QtWidgets.QApplication.translate("Form", "Start", None, -1))
class Widget(QtWidgets.QWidget, Ui_Form):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(Widget, self).__init__(parent)
self.setupUi(self)
def paintEvent(self, event):
opt = QtWidgets.QStyleOption()
opt.init(self)
painter = QtGui.QPainter(self)
self.style().drawPrimitive(QtWidgets.QStyle.PE_Widget, opt, painter, self)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = Widget()
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
推荐答案
QSS不支持这种类型的url，一种解决方法是将内容保存在临时文件中，该临时文件在应用程序关闭时会被删除，为此，我们使用QTemporaryFile.
QSS does not support this type of url, a workaround is to save the content in a temporary file that is deleted when the application is closed, for this we use QTemporaryFile.
另一方面，URL具有以下格式:data:image/svg+xml,<CONTENT>，即您应使用的内容.
On the other the url has the following format: data:image/svg+xml,<CONTENT>, that is the content you should use.
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_Form(object):
def setupUi(self, Form):
Form.setObjectName("Form")
Form.resize(400, 300)
self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(Form)
self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
self.horizontalLayout_2.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout)
self.retranslateUi(Form)
contents = b"<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='28' height='49' viewBox='0 0 28 49'><g fill-rule='evenodd'><g id='hexagons' fill='#b0b0b0' fill-opacity='0.4' fill-rule='nonzero'><path d='M13.99 9.25l13 7.5v15l-13 7.5L1 31.75v-15l12.99-7.5zM3 17.9v12.7l10.99 6.34 11-6.35V17.9l-11-6.34L3 17.9zM0 15l12.98-7.5V0h-2v6.35L0 12.69v2.3zm0 18.5L12.98 41v8h-2v-6.85L0 35.81v-2.3zM15 0v7.5L27.99 15H28v-2.31h-.01L17 6.35V0h-2zm0 49v-8l12.99-7.5H28v2.31h-.01L17 42.15V49h-2z'/></g></g></svg>"
file = QtCore.QTemporaryFile(Form)
if file.open():
file.write(contents)
file.flush()
Form.setStyleSheet("""background-color: #000000;
background-image: url(%s);""" % file.fileName())
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)
def retranslateUi(self, Form):
Form.setWindowTitle(QtWidgets.QApplication.translate("Form", "Form", None, -1))
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
Form = QtWidgets.QWidget()
ui = Ui_Form()
ui.setupUi(Form)
Form.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
似乎PySide2有点特殊，它看起来更像Qt，因为此问题在C ++中正在等待，而在Python中却没有.对于支持QSS的窗口小部件，应使用QStyle来实现paintEvent，但是为此，我们必须创建类窗口小部件，因为类Ui_Form不是窗口小部件，它只是一个用于填充窗口小部件的类.下面我显示了可行的代码.
It seems that PySide2 is a bit special, and it looks more like Qt since this problem was waiting for it in C ++ but not in Python. For a widget to support QSS should be implemented paintEvent using QStyle but for this we must create the class widget since the class Ui_Form is not a widget, it is just a class that serves to fill the widget. Below I show the workable code.
from PySide2 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_Form(object):
def setupUi(self, Form):
Form.setObjectName("Form")
Form.resize(400, 300)
self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(Form)
self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
self.horizontalLayout_2.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout)
self.retranslateUi(Form)
contents = b"<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='28' height='49' viewBox='0 0 28 49'><g fill-rule='evenodd'><g id='hexagons' fill='#b0b0b0' fill-opacity='0.4' fill-rule='nonzero'><path d='M13.99 9.25l13 7.5v15l-13 7.5L1 31.75v-15l12.99-7.5zM3 17.9v12.7l10.99 6.34 11-6.35V17.9l-11-6.34L3 17.9zM0 15l12.98-7.5V0h-2v6.35L0 12.69v2.3zm0 18.5L12.98 41v8h-2v-6.85L0 35.81v-2.3zM15 0v7.5L27.99 15H28v-2.31h-.01L17 6.35V0h-2zm0 49v-8l12.99-7.5H28v2.31h-.01L17 42.15V49h-2z'/></g></g></svg>"
file = QtCore.QTemporaryFile(Form)
if file.open():
file.write(contents)
file.flush()
Form.setStyleSheet("""background-color: #000000;
background-image: url(%s);""" % file.fileName())
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)
def retranslateUi(self, Form):
Form.setWindowTitle(QtWidgets.QApplication.translate("Form", "Form", None, -1))
class Widget(QtWidgets.QWidget, Ui_Form):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(Widget, self).__init__(parent)
self.setupUi(self)
def paintEvent(self, event):
opt = QtWidgets.QStyleOption()
opt.init(self)
painter = QtGui.QPainter(self)
self.style().drawPrimitive(QtWidgets.QStyle.PE_Widget, opt, painter, self)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = Widget()
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
加号:
QSS具有应用以下链接中指示的样式的规则:
QSS has rules to apply the styles that are indicated in the following links:
- https://doc.qt.io/Qt-5/stylesheet-syntax.html
- http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/stylesheet-reference.html
在这种情况下，它仅适用于当前窗口小部件，因此必须使用objectName:
In your case so that it only applies to the current widget you must use the objectName:
Form.setStyleSheet("""QWidget#Form{background-color: #000000;
background-image: url(%s);}""" % file.fileName())
这篇关于使用PyQt5/Pyside2将重复的SVG模式设置为主窗口/Qwidget背景的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
