MySQL从列中减去两行，并放入一个别名 [英] mysql subtract two rows from column and places into an alias

问题描述

我的表 meter_readings 的列为:id，date_taken，kwh.

我正在尝试将kwh列中的两行相减，并将结果放入一个名为consumption的别名中.

I'm trying to subtract two rows in kwh column together and put the results into an alias called consumption.

我正在使用:

SELECT id, kwh COALESCE(kwh-(SELECT kwh FROM meter_readings WHERE id= id+1), kwh) AS consumption 
FROM meter_readings; 

我在消费别名中得到的内容与原始的kwh一样简单:

What I get back in consumption alias is simple the same as the original kwh:

 id   date_taken        kwh        consumption 
  1   2013-01-01      4567.89       4567.89 
  2   2013-01-08      4596.71       4596.71  
  3   2013-01-15      4607.89       4607.89

我想要的是:

 id   date_taken        kwh        consumption 
  1   2013-01-01      4567.89          0
  2   2013-01-08      4596.71        28.11
  3   2013-01-15      4607.89        11.18

so id 1 = 0，因为这是第一个date_taken kwh读数，因此不需要消耗值.这试图计算一年中每周的千瓦时消耗量.

so id 1 = 0 because this is the first date_taken kwh reading so has no need for a consumption value. This is trying to calculate over a year the weekly kwh consumption.

推荐答案

只需为表名指定一个别名，并在相关子查询中为该表指定一个不同的别名.像这样:

Just give the table name an alias, and the table inside the correlated subquery a different alias name. Something like this:

SELECT 
  m1.id, 
  m1.kwh,
  COALESCE(m1.kwh - (SELECT m2.kwh 
                     FROM meter_readings AS m2
                     WHERE m2.id = m1.id + 1),
           m1.kwh) AS consumption 
FROM meter_readings AS m1; 

SQL小提琴演示

这将为您提供:

SQL Fiddle Demo

This will give you:

| ID |     KWH | CONSUMPTION |
------------------------------
|  1 | 4567.89 |     1141.18 |
|  2 | 3426.71 |     1181.37 |
|  3 | 2245.34 |     2245.34 |

---

更新1

对于更新的样本数据，只需在具有COALESCE(..., 0)的相关子查询中使用WHERE m2.id = m1.id - 1，这样第一个将为0.

---

Update 1

For the updated sample data, just use WHERE m2.id = m1.id - 1 inside the correlated subquery with COALESCE(..., 0) so that the first one will be 0. Like this:

SELECT 
  m1.id, 
  date_format(m1.date_taken, '%Y-%m-%d') AS date_taken,
  m1.kwh,
  COALESCE(m1.kwh - (SELECT m2.kwh 
                     FROM meter_readings m2
                     WHERE m2.id = m1.id - 1), 0) AS consumption 
FROM meter_readings m1; 

更新了SQL Fiddle演示

这将为您提供:

Updated SQL Fiddle Demo

This will give you:

| ID | DATE_TAKEN |     KWH | CONSUMPTION |
-------------------------------------------
|  1 | 2013-01-01 | 4567.89 |           0 |
|  2 | 2013-01-08 | 4596.71 |       28.82 |
|  3 | 2013-01-15 | 4607.89 |       11.18 |

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