错误:在高山docker映像上安装pip软件包时，命令'gcc'失败，退出状态为1 [英] error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1 when installing pip packages on alpine docker image
本文介绍了错误:在高山docker映像上安装pip软件包时，命令'gcc'失败，退出状态为1的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我正在尝试将我的基础docker映像从centos 7转换为alpine，但是在尝试安装pip软件包时收到gcc错误.
I'm attempting transition my base docker image from centos 7 to alpine, however I receive gcc errors when trying to install pip packages.
这是收到的错误的摘录:
This is a snippet of the error received:
Successfully built backports.ssl-match-hostname configobj dpkt iniparse IPy kitchen logmatic-python maxminddb NeuroTools procfs pycparser python-json-logger pyudev repoze.lru scandir scapy
Failed to build guppy kiwisolver numpy psutil pygpgme pyliblzma python-ldap pyxattr subprocess32
Installing collected packages: atomicwrites, attrs, backports.functools-lru-cache, backports.ssl-match-hostname, certifi, chardet, six, configobj, configparser, contextlib2, cycler, decorator, dnspython, dpkt, urllib3, elasticsearch, elasticsearch5, elasticsearch6, funcsigs, ipaddress, maxminddb, idna, requests, geoip2, guppy, scandir, pathlib2, more-itertools, zipp, importlib-metadata, iniparse, IPy, kafka, kafka-python, kitchen, kiwisolver, python-json-logger, logmatic-python, mock, NeuroTools, numpy, pyparsing, packaging, pbr, ptyprocess, pexpect, pluggy, ply, procfs, psutil, py, pyasn1, pyasn1-modules, pycparser, pygpgme, pyliblzma, wcwidth, pytest, python-dateutil, python-ldap, pytz, pyudev, pyxattr, redis, repoze.lru, scapy, subprocess32, xmltodict
Running setup.py install for guppy: started
Running setup.py install for guppy: finished with status 'error'
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-PWr6Cn/guppy/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-PWr6Cn/guppy/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-ogmKgm/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-PWr6Cn/guppy/
Complete output (117 lines):
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy
copying guppy/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/docexample.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/test_heapyc.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/test_guppy.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/test_heapy.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/Code.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/Cat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/IterPermute.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/OutputHandling.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/KnuthBendix.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/KanExtension.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/Unpack.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/FSA.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/tkcursors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/cmd.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/xterm.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/etc.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/ExecfileWithModuleInfo.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/Help.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/RE.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/RE_Rect.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/Glue.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/textView.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
copying guppy/etc/Compat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/etc
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Html.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Latex.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/DottedTree.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Main.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/FileIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Filer.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/XHTML.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Text.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Document.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Gsml.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Help.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/Tester.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
copying guppy/gsl/SpecNodes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/gsl
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Spec.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/OutputHandling.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Remote.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/RefPat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/ImpSet.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Monitor.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Classifiers.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/RM.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/UniSet.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/View.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Target.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Doc.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Prof.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Part.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Console.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Use.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/Path.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/AbstractAlgebra.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/RemoteConstants.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
copying guppy/heapy/pbhelp.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_Classifiers.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_sf.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_heapyc.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_OutputHandling.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_Spec.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_View.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_Path.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_UniSet.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_menuleak.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_dependencies.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_RetaGraph.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_Part.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_all.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_RefPat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/test_ER.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
copying guppy/heapy/test/support.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/heapy/test
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/sets
copying guppy/sets/test.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/sets
copying guppy/sets/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/sets
copying guppy/doc/gsl.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/heapy_UniSet.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/sets.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/heapyc.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/guppy.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/ProfileBrowser.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/heapy_tutorial.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/index.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/docexample.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/heapy_Use.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/gslexample.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/heapy_RootState.html -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
copying guppy/doc/pbscreen.jpg -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/guppy/doc
running build_ext
building 'guppy.sets.setsc' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/sets
gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -g -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -g -DTHREAD_STACK_SIZE=0x100000 -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/sets/sets.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/sets/sets.o
src/sets/sets.c:33:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
#include "Python.h"
^~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-PWr6Cn/guppy/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-PWr6Cn/guppy/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-ogmKgm/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.
The command '/bin/sh -c pip install -r /home/admin/container_files/requirements.txt' returned a non-zero code: 1
尽管仅列在下面的Dockerfile中，但我只能得出gcc尚未安装(正确吗?)的信息.我还尝试在自己的级别上运行它，以防正确安装它:
I can only derive that gcc is not being installed (correctly?) despite being listed in my Dockerfile below. I've also attempted to run it within its own level in case that would install it correctly:
FROM alpine:latest
RUN apk update && apk upgrade
RUN apk add --no-cache bash\
python \
pkgconfig \
git \
gcc \
openldap \
libcurl \
&& rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
RUN wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py && python get-pip.py
ADD requirements.txt /home/admin/container_files/
RUN pip install setuptools==30.1.0
RUN pip install -r /home/admin/container_files/requirements.txt
取消注释pip install -r requirements.txt行会生成图像. ssh'进入图像实例后，确实安装了gcc，但是我不确定为什么它会在上面出现错误:
Uncommenting the pip install -r requirements.txt line results in the image being built. After ssh'ing into an instance of the image, gcc does appear to be installed, however I'm unsure why it would then error above:
$ docker run -it alpine-image bash
bash-5.0# gcc --version
gcc (Alpine 8.3.0) 8.3.0
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
虽然在docker容器中，我可以尝试pip自己安装依赖项，但这会产生与上述类似的错误:
While in the docker container I can try pip installing a dependency on its own, however this gives a similar error as above:
bash-5.0# pip install pygpgme
Collecting pygpgme
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/dc/96/b2bcbd3a216af313bb9045c2e573aa18653876a65db471b86be7598234dd/pygpgme-0.3.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: pygpgme
Building wheel for pygpgme (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-ih85iq/pygpgme/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-ih85iq/pygpgme/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-1HBTfc --python-tag cp27
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-ih85iq/pygpgme/
Complete output (18 lines):
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/gpgme
copying gpgme/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/gpgme
copying gpgme/editutil.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/gpgme
running build_ext
building 'gpgme._gpgme' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src
gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -g -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -g -DTHREAD_STACK_SIZE=0x100000 -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/gpgme.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/gpgme.o
src/gpgme.c:21:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
#include <Python.h>
^~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for pygpgme
Running setup.py clean for pygpgme
Failed to build pygpgme
Installing collected packages: pygpgme
Running setup.py install for pygpgme ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-ih85iq/pygpgme/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-ih85iq/pygpgme/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-1HWn3q/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-ih85iq/pygpgme/
Complete output (18 lines):
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/gpgme
copying gpgme/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/gpgme
copying gpgme/editutil.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/gpgme
running build_ext
building 'gpgme._gpgme' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src
gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -g -DNDEBUG -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -g -DTHREAD_STACK_SIZE=0x100000 -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/gpgme.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/gpgme.o
src/gpgme.c:21:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
#include <Python.h>
^~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-ih85iq/pygpgme/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-ih85iq/pygpgme/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-1HWn3q/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.
我想了解为什么gcc会以这种方式运行，以及是否有更好的方法从centos转换为高山图像?
I'd like to understand why gcc is behaving in this way, and if there is a better way to transition to an alpine image from centos?
其他信息:
高山版本:3.10.3
python版本:2.7.16
点子版本:19.3.1
Additional information:
Alpine version: 3.10.3
python version: 2.7.16
pip version: 19.3.1
推荐答案
缺少头文件Python.h，该文件由python2-dev(-dev用于进行开发的软件包)提供.
Missing the header file Python.h , this file is provide by python2-dev ( -dev mean package for doing development with ) .
使用 https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/contents ，您可以搜索所有有Python.h
With this https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/contents you can search all packages that have Python.h
我能够通过添加这三个软件包来运行pip install pygpgme:
I was able to run pip install pygpgme by adding these 3 packages :
- python2-dev
- gpgme-dev
- libc-dev
Dockerfile将是:
FROM alpine:latest
RUN apk update && apk upgrade
RUN apk add --no-cache bash\
python \
pkgconfig \
git \
gcc \
openldap \
libcurl \
python2-dev \
gpgme-dev \
libc-dev \
&& rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
RUN wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py && python get-pip.py
RUN pip install setuptools==30.1.0
这篇关于错误:在高山docker映像上安装pip软件包时，命令'gcc'失败，退出状态为1的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
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