什么是更新Anaconda和Conda基本&的正确方法?环境? [英] What is the right way to update Anaconda and Conda base & environments?

问题描述

只是想知道什么是更新Anaconda和Conda安装和虚拟环境的正确方法.这是我一步一步的困惑:

1. 当我运行命令conda update anaconda时，它会更新/降级许多软件包.
2. 然后我运行了conda update conda，它再次更新/降级了某些软件包.
3. 接下来，我运行conda update --update-all，它开始降级/升级不同的软件包.

4. 最后，为了确保所有内容都已更新，我再次运行了conda update anaconda.我原本希望收到诸如一切都最新之类的消息，但令我惊讶的是，它又显示了一大堆需要再次更新/降级的软件包?

   我在这里做错了什么?在我看来，这些命令似乎使我无所适从.有帮助吗?

解决方案

在此有用的

此操作将仅更新一个选定的环境(在本例中为根环境).如果您要更新其他环境，则可以重复上述过程，但请先单击该环境.选择该选项后，右侧会出现一个三角形标记(请参见上图，第3步).或者，可以从命令行提供环境名称(-n envname)或路径(-p/path/to/env).例如，要从上面的屏幕快照更新dspyr环境:

conda update -n dspyr --all

更新单个软件包

如果您只对更新单个软件包感兴趣，则只需在导航器中单击蓝色箭头或蓝色版本号，例如上面的屏幕快照中的astroid或astropy，这将标记这些软件包以进行升级.完成后，您需要单击应用"按钮:

或从命令行:

conda update astroid astropy

仅更新标准Anaconda发行版中的软件包

如果您不关心软件包的版本，而只是想要标准Anaconda发行版中所有软件包的最新集合，只要它们可以一起使用"，那么您应该了解一下要点.

为什么更新Anaconda软件包几乎总是一个坏主意

在大多数情况下，更新软件包列表中的Anaconda软件包将产生令人惊讶的结果-您实际上可以降级许多软件包(实际上，如果将版本指定为自定义，则可能会降级).上面的要点提供了详细信息.

利用conda环境

您的根环境可能不是尝试管理一组确切的软件包的好地方-它将是一个动态的工作空间，其中安装了新软件包并随机更新了软件包.如果您需要一组确切的软件包，请创建一个conda环境来保存它们.由于使用了conda程序包缓存和使用文件链接的方式，因此这样做通常很快，并且仅占用很少的额外磁盘空间.例如:

conda create -n myspecialenv -c bioconda -c conda-forge python=3.5 pandas beautifulsoup seaborn nltk

conda文档中有更多详细信息和示例.

pip，PyPI和setuptools?

这些都无助于更新通过pip从PyPI安装的软件包，或使用python setup.py install安装的任何软件包. conda列表将为您提供有关环境中基于pip的Python软件包的一些提示，但对其进行更新不会做任何特别的事情.

Anaconda或Anaconda Enterprise的商业用途

几乎完全相同，但如果别人安装了根环境(例如，到/opt/anaconda/latest)，则可能无法更新根环境.如果您无法更新正在使用的环境，则应该能够克隆然后更新:

conda create -n myenv --clone root
conda update -n myenv --all

Just wondering as what is the right way to update Anaconda and Conda installation and virtual environments. Here is my confusion step by step:

1. When I run command conda update anaconda, it updates/downgrades alot of packages.
2. Then I ran conda update conda, which again updates/downgrades some packages.
3. Next, I ran conda update --update-all it starts downgrading/upgrading different packages.

4. Lastly, just to make sure that everything's updated, I ran conda update anaconda again. I was expecting a message like Everything's up to date but to my surprise it was again showing a huge list of packages that needed to be updated/downgraded again?

   What am I doing wrong here? It appears to me as if I am going in circles with these commands. Any help?

解决方案

Found the answers in this useful post by Anaconda

Keeping Anaconda Up To Date

Below is a question that gets asked so often that I decided it would be helpful to publish an answer explaining the various ways in which Anaconda can be kept up to date. The question was originally asked on StackOverflow.

I have Anaconda installed on my computer and I’d like to update it. In Navigator I can see that there are several individual packages that can be updated, but also an anaconda package that sometimes has a version number and sometimes says custom. How do I proceed?

The Answer

What 95% of People Actually Want In most cases what you want to do when you say that you want to update Anaconda is to execute the command:

conda update --all

This will update all packages in the current environment to the latest version—with the small print being that it may use an older version of some packages in order to satisfy dependency constraints (often this won’t be necessary and when it is necessary the package plan solver will do its best to minimize the impact).

This needs to be executed from the command line, and the best way to get there is from Anaconda Navigator, then the "Environments" tab, then click on the triangle beside the root environment, selecting "Open Terminal":

This operation will only update the one selected environment (in this case, the root environment). If you have other environments you’d like to update you can repeat the process above, but first click on the environment. When it is selected there is a triangular marker on the right (see image above, step 3). Or, from the command line, you can provide the environment name (-n envname) or path (-p /path/to/env). For example, to update your dspyr environment from the screenshot above:

conda update -n dspyr --all

Update Individual Packages

If you are only interested in updating an individual package then simply click on the blue arrow or blue version number in Navigator, e.g. for astroid or astropy in the screenshot above, and this will tag those packages for an upgrade. When you are done you need to click the "Apply" button:

Or from the command line:

conda update astroid astropy

Updating Just the Packages in the Standard Anaconda Distribution

If you don’t care about package versions and just want "the latest set of all packages in the standard Anaconda Distribution, so long as they work together," then you should take a look at this gist.

Why Updating the Anaconda Package is Almost Always a Bad Idea

In most cases, updating the Anaconda package in the package list will have a surprising result—you may actually downgrade many packages (in fact, this is likely if it indicates the version as custom). The gist above provides details.

Leverage conda Environments

Your root environment is probably not a good place to try and manage an exact set of packages—it is going to be a dynamic working space with new packages installed and packages randomly updated. If you need an exact set of packages, create a conda environment to hold them. Thanks to the conda package cache and the way file linking is used, doing this is typically fast and consumes very little additional disk space. For example:

conda create -n myspecialenv -c bioconda -c conda-forge python=3.5 pandas beautifulsoup seaborn nltk

The conda documentation has more details and examples.

pip, PyPI, and setuptools?

None of this is going to help with updating packages that have been installed from PyPI via pip, or any packages installed using python setup.py install. conda list will give you some hints about the pip-based Python packages you have in an environment, but it won’t do anything special to update them.

Commercial Use of Anaconda or Anaconda Enterprise

It’s pretty much exactly the same story, with the exception that you may not be able to update the root environment if it was installed by someone else (say, to /opt/anaconda/latest). If you’re not able to update the environments you are using, you should be able to clone and then update:

conda create -n myenv --clone root
conda update -n myenv --all

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