将字节码转换为dex时出错:多个dex文件，Android Studio 3.0 [英] Error converting bytecode to dex: Multiple dex files, Android Studio 3.0

问题描述

我最近升级到Android Studio 3.0，并且在运行程序时出现以下错误:

I recently upgraded to Android Studio 3.0, and while running the program I get the following error:

Error:Error converting bytecode to dex:
Cause: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/vuforia/TransformModel;
Error:com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/vuforia/TransformModel;
Error:  at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.readSortableTypes(DexMerger.java:661)
Error:  at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.getSortedTypes(DexMerger.java:616)
Error:  at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeClassDefs(DexMerger.java:598)
Error:  at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeDexes(DexMerger.java:171)
Error:  at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.merge(DexMerger.java:198)
Error:  at com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerCallable.call(DexArchiveMergerCallable.java:61)
Error:  at com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerCallable.call(DexArchiveMergerCallable.java:36)
Error:  at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$AdaptedCallable.exec(ForkJoinTask.java:1424)
Error:  at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:289)
Error:  at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1056)
Error:  at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1692)
Error:  at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:157)
Error:Execution failed for task ':app:transformDexArchiveWithDexMergerForDebug'.
> com.android.build.api.transform.TransformException: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/vuforia/TransformModel;

除了主要的app模块外，我的项目中还有两个其他模块.我已经尝试过

Apart from my main app module, I have two other modules in my project. I already tried

• clean and Make/rebuild ，
• 使用最新的构建工具和Java版本，
• predex为假，
• 正在删除.gradle文件夹，但是它们都不起作用.

• clean and Make/rebuild,
• Use the latest build tools and Java versions,
• predex to false,
• deleting .gradle folder, but none of them work.

有人可以帮助我吗?

app模块:

app Module:

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
    compileSdkVersion 25
    buildToolsVersion '26.0.2'
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.shais.gpsdetector"
        minSdkVersion 16
        targetSdkVersion 25
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        resValue "string", "google_maps_key", (project.findProperty("GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY") ?: "")
        multiDexEnabled true
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    dexOptions {
        javaMaxHeapSize "4g"
        preDexLibraries = false
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:10.2.4'
    compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-places:10.2.4'
    compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:10.2.4'
    compile 'com.google.maps.android:android-maps-utils:0.5+'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:25.3.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:25.3.1'
    compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    implementation 'com.cocoahero.android:geojson:1.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.volley:volley:1.0.0'
    compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:design:25.3.1'
    implementation project(':vuforia')
    implementation project(':rajawali')
}

Vuforia模块:

Vuforia Module:

apply plugin: 'com.android.library'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 25
    buildToolsVersion '26.0.2'

    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion 16
        targetSdkVersion 25
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        multiDexEnabled true
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    dexOptions {
        preDexLibraries = false
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile files('libs/Vuforia.jar')
}

rajawali模块:

rajawali Module:

apply plugin: 'com.android.library'
apply plugin: 'jacoco'
apply plugin: 'signing'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 25
    buildToolsVersion '26.0.2'

    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion 16
        targetSdkVersion 25
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        debug {
            testCoverageEnabled true
            minifyEnabled false
        }
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }   
    lintOptions {
        abortOnError false
    }
}

dependencies {   
    androidTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1'
    compile 'org.jetbrains:annotations-java5:15.0'
}

推荐答案

最后，我能够解决问题.由于Vuforia gradle中的Vuforia jar的两条路径而导致出现该错误. Vuforia Gradle中的以下两行实际上指向同一库jar.

Finally, I was able to solve the problem. The error arose because of the two paths of Vuforia jar in Vuforia gradle. The following two lines in Vuforia Gradle are actually pointing to the same library jar.

compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
compile files('libs/Vuforia.jar')

我只是删除了jar的第二个版本，并且删除了我的错误.

I simply removed the second compilation of jar and it removed my error.

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