Ansible将变量传递给角色 [英] Ansible passing variables to roles

问题描述

我想根据环境和主机名创建文件夹，用户和组.

I would like to create folders, users and groups depending on the environment and hostname.

我的剧本将环境和主机名传递给该角色，该角色应该从defaults/main.yml文件中选择正确的数据.

My playbook passes the environment and hostname to the role, which is supposed to pick the correct data from the defaults/main.yml file.

剧本:

roles:
- { role: myrole, environment: 'xxx', hostname: 'yyy' }

myrole/tasks/main.yml

myrole/tasks/main.yml

- name: add the group
  group: name={{ item }} state=present
  with_items: "{{ environment }}_{{ hostname }}_groups"

myrole/defaults/main.yml

myrole/defaults/main.yml

xxx_yyy_groups: [ '1', '2', '3', ]

但是，当我将变量传递给角色时，它无法使用defaults/main.yml文件，并且出现以下错误:

However when I pass variables to my role it fails to use the defaults/main.yml file and I get the following error:

任务[internal/groups_users_folders:添加组] **********************************

TASK [internal/groups_users_folders : add the group] ******************************

失败！ => {失败":true，"msg":环境必须是字典， 收到xxx()}

FAILED! => {"failed": true, "msg": "environment must be a dictionary, received xxx ()"}

为什么Ansible无法再访问defaults文件夹中的变量? 还是有一种更优雅的方式?

Why can't Ansible access the variables in the defaults folder anymore? Or is there a more elegant way?

显然Ansible不喜欢将该变量称为环境"，而且我无法像这样将with_items变量粘合在一起.

Apparently Ansible doesn't like the variable to be called "environment" and I can't glue together the with_items variable like this.

- name: set groups variable
  set_fact:
    groups: "{{ env }}_{{ hostname }}_groups" 

- name: add groups
  group: name={{ item }} state=present
  with_items: "{{ groups }}"

似乎可以使用数组，如果我使用哈希并想使用item.xxx访问变量，则此错误返回:

Seems to work with arrays, if I use a hash and want to access the variables with item.xxx this error returns:

失败！ => {"failed":true，"msg":字段'args'无效 值，其中似乎包含未定义的变量.这 错误为:"unicode对象"没有属性名称" \ n \ n 似乎已经在 '.../任务/main.yml': 第25行第3列，但可能\ n不在文件的其他位置，具体取决于 确切的语法问题.\ n \ n出现问题的行似乎是:\ n \ n \ n- 名称:添加用户\ n ^这里\ n}

FAILED! => {"failed": true, "msg": "the field 'args' has an invalid value, which appears to include a variable that is undefined. The error was: 'unicode object' has no attribute 'name'\n\nThe error appears to have been in '.../tasks/main.yml': line 25, column 3, but may\nbe elsewhere in the file depending on the exact syntax problem.\n\nThe offending line appears to be:\n\n\n- name: add users\n ^ here\n"}

推荐答案

与with_items: "{{ env }}_{{ hostname }}_groups"一起使用with_items的方式有点错误. 实际上，您传递了字符串"xxx_yyy_groups"，但您需要将其作为变量名传递.

You use with_items in a bit wrong way with with_items: "{{ env }}_{{ hostname }}_groups". In fact you pass string "xxx_yyy_groups", but you need to pass it as a variable name.

我做了一些研究，看来不可能以这种方式进行.您要么需要使用事实，要么使用变量加载文件(例如 {{ env }}_{{ hostname }}.yml). 实际上，这是人们通常如何处理环境和默认OS系列的不同任务和变量.

I did some research and it looks like it isn't possible to do it this way. You either need to use fact as you do or load file with variables(e.g. {{ env }}_{{ hostname }}.yml). Actually it how normally people handle different tasks and variables for environments and for default OS families.

我希望这会有所帮助！

UPD ，您还可以查看以下答案:

UPD you can also take a look on this answer:Ansible: how to construct a variable from another variable and then fetch it's value to get some details/thoughts

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