Bash-如果apt-get/dpkg正在运行，如何检查软件包是否可以安装? [英] Bash - how to check if packages can be installed, if apt-get/dpkg is running?

问题描述

在bash脚本中，我想安装一个软件包.在理智地这样做之前，我需要检查apt-get或dpkg的其他实例是否已在工作.如果是这种情况，则apt-get将会失败，因为它已经被锁定.

In a bash script I want to install a package. Before sanely doing so, I need to check if no other instance of apt-get or dpkg is already working. If that was the case, the apt-get would fail, because its already locked.

检查/var/lib/dpkg/lock和/var/lib/apt/lists/lock是否存在以及是否都不存在，安装是否安全?

Is it sufficient to check if /var/lib/dpkg/lock and /var/lib/apt/lists/lock exists and if both don't exist, installing is safe?

推荐答案

这取决于您处理apt-get错误的程度. 根据您的需要检查/var/lib/dpkg/lock和/var/lib/apt/lists/lock很好，但是如果您要格外小心，可以进行模拟并检查返回代码，如下所示:

It depends how well you want to handle apt-get errors. For your needs checking /var/lib/dpkg/lock and /var/lib/apt/lists/lock is fine, but if you want to be extra cautious you could do a simulation and check the return code, like this:

if sudo apt-get --simulate install packageThatDoesntExist      
then echo "we're good"
else echo "oops, something happened"
fi

---

例如:

---

which will give for instance:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package packageThatDoesntExist
oops, something happened

--simulate将不会检查锁，因此您可能要在此处进行其他检查.如果要单独检查sudo，则可能还需要删除sudo.

--simulate will not check for locks, so you might want to do an additional check there. You might also want to remove sudo, if you want to check for sudo separately.

这篇关于Bash-如果apt-get/dpkg正在运行，如何检查软件包是否可以安装?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！