PHP-相互比较多维子数组，并在相似性阈值上合并 [英] PHP - Compare multidimensional sub-arrays to each other and merge on similarity threshold
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问题描述
简介-该问题已于2018年5月27日更新:
我有1个 PHP 多维数组，包含6个子数组，每个子数组包含20个子子数组，每个子数组又包含2个子子数组，其中一个是字符串(标题)，另一个是未指定数量的关键字(keywords).
我正在将120个子子数组中的每个子数组与其余5个子数组中包含的100个其他子子数组进行比较.以便将子数组 1 中的子子数组 1 与子数组进行比较 1 并包含在子数组 2 中的子数组 20 strong>并包括子数组 6 ，依此类推.如果两个子子数组中的 关键字 足够，并且 headers 也是如此，两者都使用Levenshtein距离，子子数组将被合并.
示例脚本
我已经编写了一个脚本来执行此操作，但是使用两个单独的数组来演示我的目标:
<?php
// Variable deciding maximum Levenshtein distance between two words. Can be changed to lower / increase threshhold for whether two keywords are deemed identical.
$lev_point_value = 3;
// Variable deciding minimum amount of identical (passed the $lev_point_value variable) keywords needed to merge arrays. Can be changed to lower / increase threshhold for how many keywords two arrays must have in common to be merged.
$merge_tag_value = 4;
// Variable deciding minimum Levenshtein distance between two headers needed to merge arrays. Can be changed to lower / increase threshhold for whether two titles are deemed identical.
$merge_head_value = 22;
// Array1 - A story about a monkey, includes at header and keywords.
$array1 = array (
"header" => "This is a story about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Trees", "Monkey", "Flying", "Drink", "Vacation", "Coconut", "Big", "Bonobo", "Climbing"
));
// Array1 - Another, but slightly different story about a monkey, includes at header and keywords.
$array2 = array (
"header" => "This is another, but different story, about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Monkey", "Big", "Trees", "Bonobo", "Fun", "Dance", "Cow", "Coconuts"
));
// Function comparing keywords between two arrays. Uses levenshtein distance lesser than $lev_point_value. Each pass increases $merged_tag, which is then returned.
function sim_tag_index($array1, $array2, $lev_point_value) {
$merged_tag = 0;
foreach ($array1['keywords'] as $item1){
foreach ($array2["keywords"] as $item2){
if (levenshtein($item1, $item2) <= $lev_point_value) {
$merged_tag++;
};
}
};
return $merged_tag;
}
// Function comparing headers between two arrays using levenshtein distance, which is then returned as $merged_head.
function sim_header_index($array1, $array2) {
$merged_head = (levenshtein($array1['header'], $array2['header']));
return $merged_head;
}
// Function running sim_tag_index against $merge_tag_value, if it passes, then running sim_tag_index against $merge_head_value, if this passes aswell, merge arrays.
function merge_on_sim($array1, $array2, $merge_tag_value, $merge_head_value, $lev_point_value) {
$group = array();
if (sim_tag_index($array1, $array2, $lev_point_value) >= $merge_tag_value) {
if (sim_header_index($array1, $array2) >= $merge_head_value) {
$group = (array_unique(array_merge($array1["keywords"],$array2["keywords"])));
}
}
return $group;
}
// Printing function merge_on_sim.
print_r (merge_on_sim($array1, $array2, $merge_tag_value, $merge_head_value, $lev_point_value));
?>
问题:
如何扩展或重写脚本以遍历多个子子数组，将它们与其他子数组中找到的所有其他子子数组进行比较，然后合并被视为足够相同吗?
多维数组结构
$array = array (
// Sub-array 1
array (
// Story 'Monkey 1' - Has identical sub-sub-arrays 'Monkey 2' and 'Monkey 3' and will be merged with them.
array (
"header" => "This is a story about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Trees", "Monkey", "Flying", "Drink", "Vacation", "Coconut", "Big", "Bonobo", "Climbing")
),
// Story 'Cat 1' - Has identical sub-sub-array 'Cat 2' and will be merged with it.
array (
"header" => "Here's a catarific story about a cat",
'keywords' => array( "meauw", "raaaw", "kitty", "growup", "Fun", "claws", "fish", "salmon")
)
),
// Sub-array 2
array (
// Story 'Monkey 2' - Has identical sub-sub-arrays 'Monkey 1' and 'Monkey 3' and will be merged with them.
array (
"header" => "This is another, but different story, about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Monkey", "Big", "Trees", "Bonobo", "Fun", "Dance", "Cow", "Coconuts")
),
// Story 'Cat 2' - Has identical sub-sub-array 'Cat 1' and will be merged with it.
array (
"header" => "Here's a different story about a cat",
'keywords' => array( "meauwe", "ball", "cat", "kitten", "claws", "sleep", "fish", "purr")
)
),
// Sub-array 3
array (
// Story 'Monkey 3' - Has identical sub-sub-arrays 'Monkey 1' and 'Monkey 2' and will be merged with them.
array (
"header" => "This is a third story about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Jungle", "tree", "monkey", "Bonobo", "Fun", "Dance", "climbing", "Coconut", "pretty")
),
// Story 'Fireman 1' - Has no identical sub-sub-arrays and will not be merged.
array (
"header" => "This is a story about a fireman",
'keywords' => array( "fire", "explosion", "burning", "rescue", "happy", "help", "water", "car")
)
)
);
想要的多维数组
$array = array (
// Story 'Monkey 1', 'Monkey 2' and 'Monkey 3' merged.
array (
"header" => array( "This is a story about a monkey.", "This is another, but different story, about a monkey.", "This is a third story about a monkey."),
'keywords' => array( "Trees", "Monkey", "Flying", "Drink", "Vacation", "Coconut", "Big", "Bonobo", "Climbing", "Fun", "Dance", "Cow", "Coconuts", "Jungle", "tree", "pretty")
),
// Story 'Cat 1' and 'Cat 2' merged.
array (
"header" => array( "Here's a catarific story about a cat", "Here's a different story about a cat"),
'keywords' => array( "meauw", "raaaw", "kitty", "growup", "Fun", "claws", "fish", "salmon", "ball", "cat", "kitten", "sleep", "fish", "purr")
)
);
解决方案
我去试试吧！
我使用preg_grep查找与其他子数组相同的项目.然后，我使用count来查看有多少个匹配的关键字.
这就是门槛所在.目前，我将其设置为2，这意味着两个匹配的关键字是一个匹配项.
//flatten array to make it simpler
$new =[];
foreach($array as $subarr){
$new = array_merge($new, $subarr);
}
$threshold = 2;
$merged=[];
foreach($new as $key => $story){
// create regex pattern to find similar items
$words = "/" . implode("|", $story["keywords"]) . "/i";
foreach($new as $key2 => $story2){
// only loop new items and items that has not been merged already
if($key != $key2 && $key2 > $key && !in_array($key2, $merged)){
// If the count of words from preg_grep is above threshold it's mergable
if(count(preg_grep($words, $story2["keywords"])) > $threshold){
// debug
//echo $key . " " . $key2 . "\n";
//echo $story["header"] . " = " . $story2["header"] ."\n\n";
// if the item does not exist create it first to remove notices
if(!isset($res[$key])) $res[$key] = ["header" => [], "keywords" =>[]];
// add headers
$res[$key]["header"][] = $story["header"];
$res[$key]["header"][] = $story2["header"];
// only keep unique
$res[$key]["header"] = array_unique($res[$key]["header"]);
// add keywords and remove duplicates
$res[$key]["keywords"] = array_merge($res[$key]["keywords"], $story["keywords"], $story2["keywords"]);
$res[$key]["keywords"] = array_unique($res[$key]["keywords"]);
// add key2 to merged so that we don't merge this again.
$merged[] = $key2;
}
}
}
}
var_dump($res);
输出就是您所要的想要的".
Introduction - This question has been updated the 27th May 2018:
I have 1 PHP multidimensional-array, containing 6 sub-arrays, each containing 20 sub-sub-arrays, which in turn, each contain 2 sub-sub-arrays, one being a string (header), the other being an unspecified number of keywords (keywords).
I am looking to compare each of the 120 sub-sub-arrays to the 100 other sub-sub-arrays contained in the remainint 5 sub-arrays. So that sub-sub-array1 in sub-array1 is compared to sub-array1 to and including sub-array20 in sub-array2 to and including sub-array6, and so forth.
If enough keywords in two sub-sub-arrays are deemed identical and headers are as well, both using Levenshtein distance, the sub-sub-arrays will be merged.
Example script
I have written a script doing exactly this, but for two separate arrays to demonstrate my goal:
<?php
// Variable deciding maximum Levenshtein distance between two words. Can be changed to lower / increase threshhold for whether two keywords are deemed identical.
$lev_point_value = 3;
// Variable deciding minimum amount of identical (passed the $lev_point_value variable) keywords needed to merge arrays. Can be changed to lower / increase threshhold for how many keywords two arrays must have in common to be merged.
$merge_tag_value = 4;
// Variable deciding minimum Levenshtein distance between two headers needed to merge arrays. Can be changed to lower / increase threshhold for whether two titles are deemed identical.
$merge_head_value = 22;
// Array1 - A story about a monkey, includes at header and keywords.
$array1 = array (
"header" => "This is a story about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Trees", "Monkey", "Flying", "Drink", "Vacation", "Coconut", "Big", "Bonobo", "Climbing"
));
// Array1 - Another, but slightly different story about a monkey, includes at header and keywords.
$array2 = array (
"header" => "This is another, but different story, about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Monkey", "Big", "Trees", "Bonobo", "Fun", "Dance", "Cow", "Coconuts"
));
// Function comparing keywords between two arrays. Uses levenshtein distance lesser than $lev_point_value. Each pass increases $merged_tag, which is then returned.
function sim_tag_index($array1, $array2, $lev_point_value) {
$merged_tag = 0;
foreach ($array1['keywords'] as $item1){
foreach ($array2["keywords"] as $item2){
if (levenshtein($item1, $item2) <= $lev_point_value) {
$merged_tag++;
};
}
};
return $merged_tag;
}
// Function comparing headers between two arrays using levenshtein distance, which is then returned as $merged_head.
function sim_header_index($array1, $array2) {
$merged_head = (levenshtein($array1['header'], $array2['header']));
return $merged_head;
}
// Function running sim_tag_index against $merge_tag_value, if it passes, then running sim_tag_index against $merge_head_value, if this passes aswell, merge arrays.
function merge_on_sim($array1, $array2, $merge_tag_value, $merge_head_value, $lev_point_value) {
$group = array();
if (sim_tag_index($array1, $array2, $lev_point_value) >= $merge_tag_value) {
if (sim_header_index($array1, $array2) >= $merge_head_value) {
$group = (array_unique(array_merge($array1["keywords"],$array2["keywords"])));
}
}
return $group;
}
// Printing function merge_on_sim.
print_r (merge_on_sim($array1, $array2, $merge_tag_value, $merge_head_value, $lev_point_value));
?>
Question:
How can I expand or rewrite my script to go through multiple sub-sub-arrays, comparing them to all other sub-sub-arrays, found in other sub-arrays, and then merge sub-sub-arrays that are deemed identical enough?
Multidimensional Array Structure
$array = array (
// Sub-array 1
array (
// Story 'Monkey 1' - Has identical sub-sub-arrays 'Monkey 2' and 'Monkey 3' and will be merged with them.
array (
"header" => "This is a story about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Trees", "Monkey", "Flying", "Drink", "Vacation", "Coconut", "Big", "Bonobo", "Climbing")
),
// Story 'Cat 1' - Has identical sub-sub-array 'Cat 2' and will be merged with it.
array (
"header" => "Here's a catarific story about a cat",
'keywords' => array( "meauw", "raaaw", "kitty", "growup", "Fun", "claws", "fish", "salmon")
)
),
// Sub-array 2
array (
// Story 'Monkey 2' - Has identical sub-sub-arrays 'Monkey 1' and 'Monkey 3' and will be merged with them.
array (
"header" => "This is another, but different story, about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Monkey", "Big", "Trees", "Bonobo", "Fun", "Dance", "Cow", "Coconuts")
),
// Story 'Cat 2' - Has identical sub-sub-array 'Cat 1' and will be merged with it.
array (
"header" => "Here's a different story about a cat",
'keywords' => array( "meauwe", "ball", "cat", "kitten", "claws", "sleep", "fish", "purr")
)
),
// Sub-array 3
array (
// Story 'Monkey 3' - Has identical sub-sub-arrays 'Monkey 1' and 'Monkey 2' and will be merged with them.
array (
"header" => "This is a third story about a monkey.",
'keywords' => array( "Jungle", "tree", "monkey", "Bonobo", "Fun", "Dance", "climbing", "Coconut", "pretty")
),
// Story 'Fireman 1' - Has no identical sub-sub-arrays and will not be merged.
array (
"header" => "This is a story about a fireman",
'keywords' => array( "fire", "explosion", "burning", "rescue", "happy", "help", "water", "car")
)
)
);
Wanted Multidimensional Array
$array = array (
// Story 'Monkey 1', 'Monkey 2' and 'Monkey 3' merged.
array (
"header" => array( "This is a story about a monkey.", "This is another, but different story, about a monkey.", "This is a third story about a monkey."),
'keywords' => array( "Trees", "Monkey", "Flying", "Drink", "Vacation", "Coconut", "Big", "Bonobo", "Climbing", "Fun", "Dance", "Cow", "Coconuts", "Jungle", "tree", "pretty")
),
// Story 'Cat 1' and 'Cat 2' merged.
array (
"header" => array( "Here's a catarific story about a cat", "Here's a different story about a cat"),
'keywords' => array( "meauw", "raaaw", "kitty", "growup", "Fun", "claws", "fish", "salmon", "ball", "cat", "kitten", "sleep", "fish", "purr")
)
);
解决方案
I'll give it a go!
I use preg_grep to find items that are the same in the other subarrays. Then I use count to see how many matching keywords there is.
And that is where the threshold is. Currently I set it to 2, that means two matching keywords is a match.
//flatten array to make it simpler
$new =[];
foreach($array as $subarr){
$new = array_merge($new, $subarr);
}
$threshold = 2;
$merged=[];
foreach($new as $key => $story){
// create regex pattern to find similar items
$words = "/" . implode("|", $story["keywords"]) . "/i";
foreach($new as $key2 => $story2){
// only loop new items and items that has not been merged already
if($key != $key2 && $key2 > $key && !in_array($key2, $merged)){
// If the count of words from preg_grep is above threshold it's mergable
if(count(preg_grep($words, $story2["keywords"])) > $threshold){
// debug
//echo $key . " " . $key2 . "\n";
//echo $story["header"] . " = " . $story2["header"] ."\n\n";
// if the item does not exist create it first to remove notices
if(!isset($res[$key])) $res[$key] = ["header" => [], "keywords" =>[]];
// add headers
$res[$key]["header"][] = $story["header"];
$res[$key]["header"][] = $story2["header"];
// only keep unique
$res[$key]["header"] = array_unique($res[$key]["header"]);
// add keywords and remove duplicates
$res[$key]["keywords"] = array_merge($res[$key]["keywords"], $story["keywords"], $story2["keywords"]);
$res[$key]["keywords"] = array_unique($res[$key]["keywords"]);
// add key2 to merged so that we don't merge this again.
$merged[] = $key2;
}
}
}
}
var_dump($res);
Output is as your "wanted" in question.
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