ASP.NET Core在项目目录之外提供文件 [英] ASP.NET Core serving a file outside of the project directory

问题描述

在我的ASP.NET Core项目中，我试图提供这样的html文件:

In my ASP.NET Core project I am trying to serve an html file like this:

public IActionResult Index()
{
    return File("c:/path/to/index.html", "text/html");
}

这会导致错误:

FileNotFoundException: Could not find file: c:/path/to/index.html

将ErrorMessage的路径粘贴到我的浏览器中，我可以打开该文件，因此该文件显然位于其中.

Pasting the path from the ErrorMessage into my browser I am able to open the file, so the file is clearly there.

我能够提供文件的唯一方法是将其放置在项目文件夹的wwwroot中，并按以下方式提供文件:

The only way I have been able to serve the file is placing it in wwwroot in the project folder and serving it like this:

public IActionResult Index()
{
    return File("index.html", "text/html");
}

我已经使用app.UseStaticFiles(options)更改了我为静态文件提供服务的文件夹(可以使用)，所以我认为Controller会默认使用该文件夹，但它会一直在wwwroot中查找.

I have already changed the folder I serve static files from using app.UseStaticFiles(options) (which works), so I figured the Controller would use that folder as default, but it keeps looking in wwwroot.

如何从Controller为放在wwwroot甚至项目之外的文件提供服务?

How can I serve a file that is placed outside of wwwroot, or even outside the project, from a Controller?

推荐答案

您需要使用PhysicalFileProvider类，它是IFileProvider的实现，用于访问实际系统的文件.摘自文档中的文件提供商部分:

You need to use PhysicalFileProvider class, that is an implementation of IFileProvider and is used to access the actual system's files. From File providers section in documentation:

PhysicalFileProvider提供对物理文件系统的访问.它包装了System.IO.File类型(用于物理提供程序)，对目录及其子目录的所有路径进行了范围界定.这种作用域限制了对某个目录及其子目录的访问，从而阻止了对该边界之外文件系统的访问.实例化此提供程序时，必须为其提供目录路径，该目录路径用作对此提供程序进行的所有请求的基本路径(并且将访问限制在该路径之外).在ASP.NET Core应用中，您可以直接实例化PhysicalFileProvider提供程序，也可以通过依赖项注入在Controller或服务的构造函数中请求IFileProvider.

The PhysicalFileProvider provides access to the physical file system. It wraps the System.IO.File type (for the physical provider), scoping all paths to a directory and its children. This scoping limits access to a certain directory and its children, preventing access to the file system outside of this boundary. When instantiating this provider, you must provide it with a directory path, which serves as the base path for all requests made to this provider (and which restricts access outside of this path). In an ASP.NET Core app, you can instantiate a PhysicalFileProvider provider directly, or you can request an IFileProvider in a Controller or service's constructor through dependency injection.

如何创建和使用PhysicalFileProvider实例的示例:

Example of how to create a PhysicalFileProvider instance and use it:

IFileProvider provider = new PhysicalFileProvider(applicationRoot);
IDirectoryContents contents = provider.GetDirectoryContents(""); // the applicationRoot contents
IFileInfo fileInfo = provider.GetFileInfo("wwwroot/js/site.js"); // a file under applicationRoot

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