使用zcat和sed或awk编辑压缩的.gz文本文件 [英] Use zcat and sed or awk to edit compressed .gz text file

问题描述

我正在尝试通过删除第2、6、10、14行的前六个字符来编辑压缩的fastq.gz文本文件...现在，我有两种不同的方式来执行此操作，无论是使用awk还是sed，但是这些文件似乎仅在文件解压缩后才有效.我想在不解压缩文件的情况下编辑文件，并尝试以下代码而不使其工作.谢谢.

I am trying to edit compressed fastq.gz text files, by removing the first six characters of lines 2,6,10,14... I have two different ways of doing this right now, either using awk or sed, but these only seem to work if the files are unzipped. I would like to edit the files without unzipping them and tried the following code without getting it to work. Thanks.

使用sed:

zcat /dir/* | sed -i~ '2~4s/^.\{6\}//'

使用awk:

zcat /dir/* | awk 'NR%4==2 {gsub(/^....../,"")} 1'

推荐答案

您不能绕过压缩，但是可以自动方式将解压缩/编辑/重新压缩链接在一起:

You can't bypass compression, but you can chain the decompress/edit/recompress together in an automated fashion:

for f in /dir/*; do
  cp "$f" "$f~" &&   
  gzip -cd "$f~" | sed '2~4s/^.\{6\}//' | gzip > "$f"
done

如果您对此操作非常有信心，则可以通过在循环主体的末尾添加rm "$f~"来删除备份文件.

If you're quite confident in the operation, you can remove the backup files by adding rm "$f~" to the end of the loop body.

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