用awk比较两个文件并输出不匹配的行 [英] Comparing two files with awk and output non matching lines

问题描述

我有两个具有不均匀列的文件，我想比较这两个文件并从file1中删除匹配的行

I have two files with uneven columns and I want to compare these two files and remove the matching line from file1

文件1:

nt1  ID420
nt1  ID42
nt56 ID6008
ht44 ID555
lt12 ID34
lt12 ID3434
ntt56 ID667
klll ID87693

file2

nt23 ID42
ht44 ID555
lt12 ID3434

期望的输出:

nt1 ID420
nt56 ID6008
lt12 ID34
ntt56 ID667
klll ID87693

我在较早的文章中使用了以下命令，但结果不完全匹配，并且需要使用初始字符进行匹配.我在awk命令上没有太多exp，并且我需要awk单行命令或sed或类似的shell脚本来获取此输出.提前谢谢:

I have used below command from earlier post but result is not exactly matching and that is taking initial character for matching. I do not have much exp on awk commands and I need awk single line command or sed or similar shell script to get this output. Thank you well in advance:

awk -FS=" " 'NR==FNR {b[$0]; next} {for (x in b) if($0 ~ x) next;print $0}' file2 file1 > outputfile

推荐答案

这将是最快的:

grep -vFxf file2 file1

使用awk:

awk 'NR==FNR {exclude[$0];next} !($0 in exclude)' file2 file1

如果您不在乎输出是否已排序，则 comm 的作用是:

If you don't care that the output is sorted, this is what comm is for:

comm -23 <(sort file1) <(sort file2)

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