如何根据条件为awk的输出着色 [英] How to color the output of awk depending on a condition

问题描述

我有一个输入文件test.txt，其中包含以下内容:

I have an input file test.txt containing the fallowing:

 a 1 34
 f 2 1
 t 3 16
 g 4 11
 j 5 16

我用awk只打印字符串2和3:

I use awk to print only string 2 and 3:

awk '{print $2 " " $3}' test.txt

有没有一种方法可以根据条件仅对输出的第二个字符串着色，如果该值大于15，则以橙色打印；如果该值大于20，则以红色打印.它将给出相同但彩色的:

Is there a way to color only the second string of my output depending on a condition, if the value is higher than 15 then print in orange, if the value is higher than 20, print in red. It will give the same but colored:

1 34(red)
2 1
3 16(orange)
4 11
5 16(orange)

输入内容可能包含更多不同顺序的行.

The input could contain many more lines in a different order.

推荐答案

此awk命令应执行您想要的操作:

This awk command should do what you want:

awk -v red="$(tput setaf 1)" -v yellow="$(tput setaf 3)" -v reset="$(tput sgr0)" '{printf "%s"OFS"%s%s%s\n", $1, ($3>20)?red:($3>15?yellow:""), $3, reset}'

这里的关键是

• 使用tput来正确表示设置当前终端的颜色(与对特定的转义序列进行硬编码相反)
• 使用-v设置awk命令用来构造其输出的变量的值

• the use of tput to get the correct representation of setting the color for the current terminal (as opposed to hard-coding a specific escape sequence)
• the use of -v to set the values of the variables the awk command uses to construct its output

上面的脚本写得很简洁，但写得可能不太简洁:

The above script is tersely written but could be written less tersely like this:

{
    printf "%s"OFS, $1
    if ($3 > 20) {
        printf "%s", red
    } else if ($3 > 15) {
        printf "%s", yellow
    }
    printf "%s%s\n", $3, reset
}

Ed Morton正确地指出，可以通过使用color变量并将颜色选择与印刷分开来简化上述awk程序.像这样:

Ed Morton correctly points out that the awk programs above could be simplified by using a color variable and separating the color choice from the printing. Like this:

awk -v red="$(tput setaf 1)" -v yellow="$(tput setaf 3)" -v reset="$(tput sgr0)" \
'{
    if ($3>20) color=red; else if ($3>15) color=yellow; else color=""
    printf "%s %s%s%s\n", $1, color, $3, reset
}'

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