如何将页面连接到按钮-pygame? [英] how do i connect a page to a button - pygame?
本文介绍了如何将页面连接到按钮-pygame?的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我有一个带有3个按钮的菜单.我希望其中一个按钮可以连接到我拥有的游戏页面，但不确定如何实现此目的.因此，我希望游戏"按钮可以转到具有实际游戏的屏幕(例如您玩游戏的屏幕).我试图弄清楚如何将页面连接到这个pygame中的按钮.谢谢
I have a menu with 3 buttons. I want one of the buttons to connect to my game page which I have but am not sure how to make this happen. So I want the "game" button to lead to the screen which has the actual game (like the screen where you play the game). i am trying to figure out how to connect a page to a button in this pygame. Thanks
# import images
background = pygame.image.load('background.png')
backgroundX = 0
backgroundX2 = background.get_width()
homeScreen = pygame.image.load('home_screen.png')
obstacle = pygame.image.load('obstacle.png')
obstacleX = 0
obstacleX2 = obstacle.get_width()
instructions = pygame.image.load('instructions.png')
# frame rate
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# use procedure for game window rather than using it within loop
def redrawGameWindow():
# background images for right to left moving screen
screen.blit(background, (backgroundX, 0))
screen.blit(background, (backgroundX2, 0))
man.draw(screen)
screen.blit(obstacle, (obstacleX, 400))
screen.blit(obstacle, (obstacleX2, 400))
pygame.display.update()
# create class for character (object)
class player(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height): # initialize attributes
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.left = True
self.right = True
self.isJump = False
self.stepCount = 0
self.jumpCount = 10
self.standing = True
def draw(self, screen):
if self.stepCount + 1 >= 27: # 9 sprites, with 3 frames - above 27 goes out of range
self.stepCount = 0
if not self.standing:
if self.left:
screen.blit(leftDirection[self.stepCount // 5], (self.x, self.y), )
self.stepCount += 1
elif self.right:
screen.blit(rightDirection[self.stepCount // 5], (self.x, self.y), )
self.stepCount += 1
else:
if self.right:
screen.blit(rightDirection[0], (self.x, self.y)) # using index, include right faced photo
else:
screen.blit(leftDirection[0], (self.x, self.y))
class enlargement(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, radius, color, facing):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.radius = radius
self.color = color
self.facing = facing
def draw(self, screen):
pygame.draw.circle(screen, self.color, (self.x, self.y), self.radius, 1)
man = player(200, 313, 64, 64)
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 75) # font for home screen
instructionsFont = pygame.font.Font(None, 30) # font for instructions page
# HOME SCREEN
WHITE = (255,255,255)
BLACK = ( 0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = ( 0,255, 0)
BLUE = ( 0, 0,255)
YELLOW = (255,255, 0)
def button_create(text, rect, inactive_color, active_color, action):
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 40)
button_rect = pygame.Rect(rect)
text = font.render(text, True, BLACK)
text_rect = text.get_rect(center=button_rect.center)
return [text, text_rect, button_rect, inactive_color, active_color, action, False]
def button_check(info, event):
text, text_rect, rect, inactive_color, active_color, action, hover = info
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
# hover = True/False
info[-1] = rect.collidepoint(event.pos)
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if hover and action:
action()
def button_draw(screen, info):
text, text_rect, rect, inactive_color, active_color, action, hover = info
if hover:
color = active_color
else:
color = inactive_color
pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, rect)
screen.blit(text, text_rect)
# ---
def on_click_button_1():
global stage
stage = 'game'
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
# --- classes --- (CamelCaseNanes)
# empty
# --- functions --- (lower_case_names_
def button_create(text, rect, inactive_color, active_color, action):
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 40)
button_rect = pygame.Rect(rect)
text = font.render(text, True, BLACK)
text_rect = text.get_rect(center=button_rect.center)
return [text, text_rect, button_rect, inactive_color, active_color, action, False]
def button_check(info, event):
text, text_rect, rect, inactive_color, active_color, action, hover = info
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
# hover = True/False
info[-1] = rect.collidepoint(event.pos)
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if hover and action:
action()
def button_draw(screen, info):
text, text_rect, rect, inactive_color, active_color, action, hover = info
if hover:
color = active_color
else:
color = inactive_color
pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, rect)
screen.blit(text, text_rect)
# ---
def on_click_button_1():
global stage
stage = 'game'
print('You clicked Button 1')
def on_click_button_2():
global stage
stage = 'options'
print('You clicked Button 2')
def on_click_button_3():
global stage
global running
stage = 'exit'
running = False
print('You clicked Button 3')
def on_click_button_return():
global stage
stage = 'menu'
print('You clicked Button Return')
# --- main --- (lower_case_names)
# - init -
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
# - objects -
stage = 'menu'
button_1 = button_create("GAME", (300, 100, 200, 75), RED, GREEN, on_click_button_1)
button_2 = button_create("OPTIONS", (300, 200, 200, 75), RED, GREEN, on_click_button_2)
button_3 = button_create("EXIT", (300, 300, 200, 75), RED, GREEN, on_click_button_3)
button_return = button_create("RETURN", (300, 400, 200, 75), RED, GREEN, on_click_button_return)
# - mainloop -
running = True
while running:
# - events -
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if stage == 'menu':
button_check(button_1, event)
button_check(button_2, event)
button_check(button_3, event)
elif stage == 'game':
button_check(button_return, event)
elif stage == 'options':
button_check(button_return, event)
# elif stage == 'exit':
# pass
# - draws -
screen.fill(BLACK)
if stage == 'menu':
button_draw(screen, button_1)
button_draw(screen, button_2)
button_draw(screen, button_3)
elif stage == 'game':
button_draw(screen, button_return)
elif stage == 'options':
button_draw(screen, button_return)
# elif stage == 'exit':
# pass
pygame.display.update()
print('You clicked Button 1')
def on_click_button_2():
global stage
stage = 'options'
print('You clicked Button 2')
def on_click_button_3():
global stage
global running
stage = 'exit'
running = False
print('You clicked Button 3')
def on_click_button_return():
global stage
stage = 'menu'
print('You clicked Button Return')
# --- main --- (lower_case_names)
# - init -
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800,600))
screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
# - objects -
stage = 'menu'
button_1 = button_create("GAME", (300, 100, 200, 75), RED, GREEN, on_click_button_1)
button_2 = button_create("OPTIONS", (300, 200, 200, 75), RED, GREEN, on_click_button_2)
button_3 = button_create("EXIT", (300, 300, 200, 75), RED, GREEN, on_click_button_3)
button_return = button_create("RETURN", (300, 400, 200, 75), RED, GREEN, on_click_button_return)
# - mainloop -
running = True
while running:
# - events -
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if stage == 'menu':
button_check(button_1, event)
button_check(button_2, event)
button_check(button_3, event)
elif stage == 'game':
button_check(button_return, event)
elif stage == 'options':
button_check(button_return, event)
#elif stage == 'exit':
# pass
# - draws -
screen.fill(BLACK)
if stage == 'menu':
button_draw(screen, button_1)
button_draw(screen, button_2)
button_draw(screen, button_3)
elif stage == 'game':
button_draw(screen, button_return)
elif stage == 'options':
button_draw(screen, button_return)
#elif stage == 'exit':
# pass
pygame.display.update()
# - end -
pygame.quit()
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(30)
pygame.display.update()
redrawGameWindow() # call procedure
backgroundX -= 1.4 # Move both background images back
backgroundX2 -= 1.4
obstacleX -= 1.4
obstacleX2 -= 1.4
if backgroundX < background.get_width() * -1: # If our background is at the -width then reset its position
backgroundX = background.get_width()
if backgroundX2 < background.get_width() * -1:
backgroundX2 = background.get_width()
if obstacleX < obstacle.get_width() * -10:
obstacleX = obstacle.get_width
if obstacleX2 < obstacle.get_width() * -10:
obstacleX2 = obstacle.get_width()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
pygame.quit()
quit()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
man.left = True
man.right = False
man.standing = False # false, because man is walking
# verify that character is within window parameters
elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
man.right = True
man.left = False
man.standing = False # false, because man is walking
else:
man.standing = True
man.stepCount = 0
if not man.isJump:
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
man.isJump = True # when jumping, man shouldn't move directly left or right
man.right = False
man.left = False
man.stepCount = 0
else:
if man.jumpCount >= -10:
neg = 1
if man.jumpCount < 0:
neg = -1
man.y -= (man.jumpCount ** 2) * .5 * neg # to jump use parabola
man.jumpCount -= 1
else:
man.isJump = False
man.jumpCount = 10
pygame.quit()
推荐答案
每个page或stage具有相似的元素-创建项目，绘制，更新，处理事件，主循环-您可以将它们放在类中以将其分开从另一个阶段.
Every page or stage has similar elements - create items, draw, update, handle events, mainloop - which you can put in class to separate one stage from another.
在开始时创建MenuStage并运行其mainloop().当您按下MenuStage中的按钮时，请创建GameStage并运行其mainloop().要从GameStage返回到MenuStage，请使用按钮(或其他事件)将self.running = False设置为停止GameStage.mainloop并返回到MenuStage.mainloop
At start create MenuStage and run its mainloop(). When you press button in MenuStage then create GameStage and runs its mainloop(). To go back from GameStage to MenuStage use button (or other event) to set self.running = False to stop GameStage.mainloop and go back to MenuStage.mainloop
此示例未使用您的代码，但显示了Stages的工作方式.
This example doesn't use your code but it shows how Stages would work.
import pygame
# === CONSTANTS === (UPPER_CASE_NAMES)
BLACK = ( 0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = ( 0, 255, 0)
BLUE = ( 0, 0, 255)
SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600
# === CLASSES === (CamelCaseNames)
class Player():
def __init__(self, screen, config):
self.screen = screen
self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
self.config = config
self.direction = 'right'
self.rect = pygame.Rect(100, 100, 20, 20)
self.speed = 10
def draw(self, surface):
pygame.draw.rect(surface, RED, self.rect)
def update(self):
self.rect.x += self.speed
if self.direction == 'right':
if self.rect.right > self.screen_rect.right:
self.rect.right = self.screen_rect.right
self.speed = -self.speed
self.direction = 'left'
elif self.direction == 'left':
if self.rect.left < self.screen_rect.left:
self.rect.left = self.screen_rect.left
self.speed = -self.speed
self.direction = 'right'
class Stage():
# --- (global) variables ---
# empty
# --- init ---
def __init__(self, screen, config):
self.screen = screen
self.config = config
self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
self.is_running = False
self.widgets = []
self.create_objects()
def quit(self):
pass
# --- objects ---
def create_objects(self):
'''
self.player = Player()
'''
'''
btn = Button(...)
self.widgets.append(btn)
'''
# --- functions ---
def handle_event(self, event):
'''
self.player.handle_event(event)
'''
'''
for widget in self.widgets:
widget.handle_event(event)
'''
def update(self, ):
'''
self.player.update()
'''
'''
for widget in self.widgets:
widget.update()
'''
def draw(self, surface):
#surface.fill(BLACK)
'''
self.player.draw(surface)
'''
'''
for widget in self.widgets:
widget.draw(surface)
'''
#pygame.display.update()
def exit(self):
self.is_running = False
# --- mainloop --- (don't change it)
def mainloop(self):
self.is_running = True
while self.is_running:
# --- events ---
for event in pygame.event.get():
# --- global events ---
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
self.is_running = False
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
self.is_running = False
# --- objects events ---
self.handle_event(event)
# --- updates ---
self.update()
# --- draws ---
self.screen.fill(BLACK)
self.draw(self.screen)
pygame.display.update()
# --- FPS ---
self.clock.tick(25)
# --- the end ---
self.quit()
class IntroStage(Stage):
def create_objects(self):
self.font = pygame.font.Font(None, 40)
self.text = self.font.render("INTRO STAGE (Press ESC or Click Mouse)", True, BLACK)
self.text_rect = self.text.get_rect(center=self.screen_rect.center)
def draw(self, surface):
surface.fill(GREEN)
surface.blit(self.text, self.text_rect)
def handle_event(self, event):
# close on mouse click
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
#self.is_running = False
self.exit()
class MenuStage(Stage):
def create_objects(self):
self.font = pygame.font.Font(None, 40)
self.text = self.font.render("MENU STAGE (Press ESC)", True, BLACK)
self.text_rect = self.text.get_rect(center=self.screen_rect.center)
self.text_rect.top = 10
self.stage_game = GameStage(self.screen, self.config)
self.stage_options = OptionsStage(self.screen, self.config)
self.button1 = button_create("GAME", (300, 200, 200, 50), GREEN, BLUE, self.stage_game.mainloop)
self.button2 = button_create("OPTIONS", (300, 300, 200, 50), GREEN, BLUE, self.stage_options.mainloop)
self.button3 = button_create("EXIT", (300, 400, 200, 50), GREEN, BLUE, self.exit)
def draw(self, surface):
surface.fill(RED)
surface.blit(self.text, self.text_rect)
button_draw(surface, self.button1)
button_draw(surface, self.button2)
button_draw(surface, self.button3)
def handle_event(self, event):
button_check(self.button1, event)
button_check(self.button2, event)
button_check(self.button3, event)
class OptionsStage(Stage):
def create_objects(self):
self.font = pygame.font.Font(None, 40)
self.text = self.font.render("OPTIONS STAGE (Press ESC)", True, BLACK)
self.text_rect = self.text.get_rect(center=self.screen_rect.center)
def draw(self, surface):
surface.fill(RED)
surface.blit(self.text, self.text_rect)
class ExitStage(Stage):
def create_objects(self):
self.font = pygame.font.Font(None, 40)
self.text = self.font.render("EXIT STAGE (Press ESC or Click Mouse)", True, BLACK)
self.text_rect = self.text.get_rect(center=self.screen_rect.center)
def draw(self, surface):
surface.fill(GREEN)
surface.blit(self.text, self.text_rect)
def handle_event(self, event):
# close on mouse click
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
#self.is_running = False
self.exit()
class GameStage(Stage):
def create_objects(self):
self.font = pygame.font.Font(None, 40)
self.text = self.font.render("GAME STAGE (Press ESC)", True, BLACK)
self.text_rect = self.text.get_rect(center=self.screen_rect.center)
self.player = Player(self.screen, self.config)
def draw(self, surface):
surface.fill(BLUE)
surface.blit(self.text, self.text_rect)
self.player.draw(surface)
def update(self):
self.player.update()
# === FUNCTIONS === (lower_case_names)
# TODO: create class Button()
def button_create(text, rect, inactive_color, active_color, action):
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 40)
button_rect = pygame.Rect(rect)
text = font.render(text, True, BLACK)
text_rect = text.get_rect(center=button_rect.center)
return [text, text_rect, button_rect, inactive_color, active_color, action, False]
def button_check(info, event):
text, text_rect, rect, inactive_color, active_color, action, hover = info
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
# hover = True/False
info[-1] = rect.collidepoint(event.pos)
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if hover and action:
action()
def button_draw(screen, info):
text, text_rect, rect, inactive_color, active_color, action, hover = info
if hover:
color = active_color
else:
color = inactive_color
pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, rect)
screen.blit(text, text_rect)
# === MAIN === (lower_case_names)
class App():
# --- init ---
def __init__(self):
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))
config = {}
stage = IntroStage(screen, config)
stage.mainloop()
stage = MenuStage(screen, config)
stage.mainloop()
stage = ExitStage(screen, config)
stage.mainloop()
pygame.quit()
#def run(self):
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == '__main__':
App() #.run()
我很久以前制作的图像:
Image which I made long time ago:
这篇关于如何将页面连接到按钮-pygame?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
查看全文
