如何在Tkinter标签中使用base64编码的图像字符串? [英] How do I use the base64 encoded image string in Tkinter label?

问题描述

我正在编写一个tkinter程序，该程序利用一些JPG文件作为背景.但是，我发现，当使用"pyinstaller"将脚本转换为.exe文件时，用于tkinter Windows的图像未编译/添加到.exe文件中.

I am writing a tkinter program that utilises some JPG files for its background. However, I have found that when the script is converted to an .exe file using "pyinstaller", the images used for tkinter windows are not compiled/added to the .exe file.

因此，我决定在Python脚本中对图像进行硬编码，以便没有外部依赖性.为此，我做了以下事情:

Therefore, I have decided to hardcode the image in the Python script so that there is no external dependency. For this purpose, I have done the following things:

import base64
base64_encodedString= ''' b'hAnNH65gHSJ ......(continues...) '''
datas= base64.b64decode(base64_encodedString)

以上代码用于解码基本64位编码的Image数据. 我想将解码后的图像数据用作图片，并在tkinter中显示为标签/按钮.

The above code is used for decoding the base 64 encoded Image data. I want to use this decoded image data to be used as a picture and display as a label/button in tkinter.

例如:

from tkinter import *
root=Tk()
l=Label(root,image=image=PhotoImage(data=datas)).pack()
root.mainloop()

但是，tkinter不接受存储在data中的值用作图像. 它显示以下错误-

However, tkinter is not accepting the value stored in data to be used as an image. It displays the following error -

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 23, in <module>
    l=Label(root,image=PhotoImage(data=datas))
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 3394, in __init__

    Image.__init__(self, 'photo', name, cnf, master, **kw)
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 3350, in __init__
    self.tk.call(('image', 'create', imgtype, name,) + options)
_tkinter.TclError: couldn't recognize image data

推荐答案

Tkinter PhotoImage类(在tk 8.6的Python 3中)只能读取GIF，PGM/PPM和PNG图像格式.有两种读取图像的方法:

Tkinter PhotoImage class (in Python 3 with tk 8.6) can only read GIF, PGM/PPM and PNG image formats. There are two ways to read an image:

• 从文件中:PhotoImage(file="path/to/image.png")
• 来自base64编码的字符串:PhotoImage(data=image_data_base64_encoded_string)

• From a file: PhotoImage(file="path/to/image.png")
• From a base64-encoded string: PhotoImage(data=image_data_base64_encoded_string)

首先，如果要将图像转换为base64编码的字符串:

First, if you want to convert an image into a base64-encoded string:

import base64

with open("path/to/image.png", "rb") as image_file:
    image_data_base64_encoded_string = base64.b64encode(image_file.read()) 

然后在Tkinter中使用它:

Then use it in Tkinter:

import tkinter as tk

root = tk.Tk()

im = PhotoImage(data=image_data_base64_encoded_string)

tk.Label(root, image=im).pack()

root.mainloop()

我认为您的问题是，在应该直接使用base64_encodedString的情况下，在PhotoImage中使用该字符串之前，先用datas= base64.b64decode(base64_encodedString)对该字符串进行了解码.

I think that your problem is that you decoded the string with datas= base64.b64decode(base64_encodedString) before using it in PhotoImage while you should have used base64_encodedString directly.

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