从Linux bash在Windows中形成的文本文件中读取内容 [英] Read content from text file formed in Windows in Linux bash

问题描述

我正在尝试使用wget和url从数据库下载文件.例如

I am trying to download files from a database using wget and url. E.g.

wget" http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/files/1BXS. pdb "

因此url的格式如下: http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/文件/($ idnumber).pdb"

So format of the url is as such: http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/files/($idnumber).pdb"

但是我有很多文件要下载；所以我写了一个bash脚本，该脚本从文本文件中读取id_numbers，形成url字符串并通过wget下载.

But I have many files to download; so I wrote a bash script that reads id_numbers from a text file, forms url string and downloads by wget.

!/bin/bash

while read line
do
url="http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/files/$line.pdb"
echo -e $url
wget $url
done < id_numbers.txt

但是，URL字符串的格式为

However, url string is formed as

.pdb://www.rcsb.org/pdb/files/4H80

因此，.pdb用http补充.我不知道为什么.有人有主意吗? 如何设置其格式，使网址为

So, .pdb is repleced with http. I cannot figure out why. Does anyone have an idea? How can I format it so url is

"http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/files/($idnumber).pdb"

? 非常感谢.

注意.该问题被标记为如何在bash中连接字符串?"的重复项.但我实际上是在要求别的东西.在问这个问题之前，我先阅读了这个问题，结果发现我的问题是在Windows中准备txt文件，而不是真正的字符串混淆.我编辑了问题标题.我希望现在更加清楚.

Note. This question was marked as duplicate of 'How to concatenate strings in bash?' but I was actually asking for something else. I read that question before asking this one and it turns out my problem was with preparing the txt file in Windows not really string concetanation. I edited question title. I hope it is more clear now.

推荐答案

听起来您的id_numbers.txt文件具有DOS/Windows风格的行尾(回车符后跟换行符)，而不是普通的unix行尾(仅换行) ).结果是read认为该行以回车符结尾，$line实际上在末尾有一个回车符，并且该行嵌入了url中，从而引起各种混乱.

It sounds like your id_numbers.txt file has DOS/Windows-style line endings (carriage return followed by linefeed characters) instead of plain unix line endings (just linefeed). The result is that read thinks the line ends with a carriage return, $line actually has a carriage return at the end, and that gets embedded in the url, causing various confusion.

有几种解决方法.使用该变量时，您可以对其进行bash修剪:

There are several ways to solve this. You could have bash trim the carriage return from the variable when you use it:

url="http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/files/${line%$'\r'}.pdb"

或者您可以让read修剪它，方法是将回车符算作空格(read将从其读取的内容中删除前导和尾随空白):

Or you could have read trim it by telling it that carriage return counts as whitespace (read will trim leading and trailing whitespace from what it reads):

while IFS=$'\r' read line

或者您可以使用dos2unix之类的命令(或操作系统上的等效命令)来转换id_numbers.txt文件.

Or you could use a command like dos2unix (or whatever the equivalent is on your OS) to convert the id_numbers.txt file.

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