标记字符串,接受CPP中给定字符集之间的所有内容 [英] tokenizing string , accepting everything between given set of characters in CPP
问题描述
我有以下代码:
int main()
{
string s = "server ('m1.labs.teradata.com') username ('use\\')r_*5') password('u\" er 5') dbname ('default')";
regex re("(\'[!-~]+\')");
sregex_token_iterator i(s.begin(), s.end(), re, 1);
sregex_token_iterator j;
unsigned count = 0;
while(i != j)
{
cout << "the token is "<<*i<< endl;
count++;
}
cout << "There were " << count << " tokens found." << endl;
return 0;
}
使用上面的正则表达式,我想提取括号和单引号之间的字符串:,输出应该类似于:
Using the above regex, I wanted to extract the string between the paranthesis and single quote:, The out put should look like :
the token is 'm1.labs.teradata.com'
the token is 'use\')r_*5'
the token is 'u" er 5'
the token is 'default'
There were 4 tokens found.
基本上,正则表达式应该提取('"和')"之间的所有内容.它可以是任何空格,特殊字符,引号或右括号. 我以前使用过以下正则表达式:
Basically, the regex supposed to extract everything between " (' " and " ') ". It can be anything space , special character, quote or a closing parathesis. I has earlier used the following regex:
boost::regex re_arg_values("(\'[!-~]+\')");
但是不是接受空间.请有人帮我解决这个问题.预先感谢.
But is was not accepting space. Please can someone help me out with this. Thanks in advance.
推荐答案
以下是使用Spirit X3创建语法进行实际解析的示例.我想解析成一个(key-> value)对的映射,这比盲目地假设名称总是相同要有意义得多:
Here's a sample of using Spirit X3 to create grammar to actually parse this. I'd like to parse into a map of (key->value) pairs, which makes a lot more sense than just blindly assuming the names are always the same:
using Config = std::map<std::string, std::string>;
using Entry = std::pair<std::string, std::string>;
现在,我们使用X3设置一些语法规则:
Now, we setup some grammar rules using X3:
namespace parser {
using namespace boost::spirit::x3;
auto value = quoted("'") | quoted('"');
auto key = lexeme[+alpha];
auto pair = key >> '(' >> value >> ')';
auto config = skip(space) [ *as<Entry>(pair) ];
}
助手as<>
和quoted
是简单的lambda:
The helpers as<>
and quoted
are simple lambdas:
template <typename T> auto as = [](auto p) { return rule<struct _, T> {} = p; };
auto quoted = [](auto q) { return lexeme[q >> *('\\' >> char_ | char_ - q) >> q]; };
现在我们可以将字符串直接解析为地图:
Now we can parse the string into a map directly:
Config parse_config(std::string const& cfg) {
Config parsed;
auto f = cfg.begin(), l = cfg.end();
if (!parse(f, l, parser::config, parsed))
throw std::invalid_argument("Parse failed at " + std::string(f,l));
return parsed;
}
还有演示程序
int main() {
Config cfg = parse_config("server ('m1.labs.teradata.com') username ('use\\')r_*5') password('u\" er 5') dbname ('default')");
for (auto& setting : cfg)
std::cout << "Key " << setting.first << " has value " << setting.second << "\n";
}
打印
Key dbname has value default
Key password has value u" er 5
Key server has value m1.labs.teradata.com
Key username has value use')r_*5
实时演示
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/spirit/home/x3.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/adapted/std_pair.hpp>
#include <map>
using Config = std::map<std::string, std::string>;
using Entry = std::pair<std::string, std::string>;
namespace parser {
using namespace boost::spirit::x3;
template <typename T> auto as = [](auto p) { return rule<struct _, T> {} = p; };
auto quoted = [](auto q) { return lexeme[q >> *(('\\' >> char_) | (char_ - q)) >> q]; };
auto value = quoted("'") | quoted('"');
auto key = lexeme[+alpha];
auto pair = key >> '(' >> value >> ')';
auto config = skip(space) [ *as<Entry>(pair) ];
}
Config parse_config(std::string const& cfg) {
Config parsed;
auto f = cfg.begin(), l = cfg.end();
if (!parse(f, l, parser::config, parsed))
throw std::invalid_argument("Parse failed at " + std::string(f,l));
return parsed;
}
int main() {
Config cfg = parse_config("server ('m1.labs.teradata.com') username ('use\\')r_*5') password('u\" er 5') dbname ('default')");
for (auto& setting : cfg)
std::cout << "Key " << setting.first << " has value " << setting.second << "\n";
}
奖金
如果您想学习如何提取原始输入,只需尝试
Bonus
If you want to learn how to extract the raw input: just try
auto source = skip(space) [ *raw [ pair ] ];
就像这样:
using RawSettings = std::vector<std::string>;
RawSettings parse_raw_config(std::string const& cfg) {
RawSettings parsed;
auto f = cfg.begin(), l = cfg.end();
if (!parse(f, l, parser::source, parsed))
throw std::invalid_argument("Parse failed at " + std::string(f,l));
return parsed;
}
int main() {
for (auto& setting : parse_raw_config(text))
std::cout << "Raw: " << setting << "\n";
}
哪些印刷品: 在Coliru上直播 >
Raw: server ('m1.labs.teradata.com')
Raw: username ('use\')r_*5')
Raw: password('u" er 5')
Raw: dbname ('default')
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