如何将带有换行符的字符串从函数传递到数组？ [英] How to pass strings with newlines from function to array?

问题描述

使用Bash我正在从二进制文件中提取多个字符串。这些字符串是文件名，因此只能显示NUL和斜杠。我使用了将这些文件名输出到数组的函数。我知道，我可以使用IFS分隔符换行符来获取带空格的文件名。我希望可以将函数多行字符串与NUL分开以保存在数组中，以便可以使用任何* nix合法文件名。如果我将IFS设置为或 0，则会得到一些数字而不是名称。不知道为什么，也许我已经监督了一些非常基本的东西:)
如何获得所有可能的文件名字符串，不仅包括空格，还包括换行符和其他字符/字节值？

Using Bash I am extracting multiple strings from a binary file. Those strings are filenames, so only NUL and slash can not appear. I use a function that outputs those filenames to an array. I know, I can use IFS separator newline to get filenames with spaces. I hope it is possible to separate functions multiline strings with NUL to save in array, so any *nix legal filename can be worked with. If I set IFS to '' or '\0' I get some numbers instead of names. Not sure why, and maybe I have overseen something pretty basic :) How do I achieve getting all possible filename strings including not just spaces, but newlines and other characters/byte values as well?

这是我的简化示例。

#! /bin/bash
binaryFile=$1

getBinaryList () {
    fileNameAddresses=( 123 456 789 )           #Just a mock example for simplicity
    for currAddr in "${fileNameAddresses[@]}"
    do
        fileNameStart=$((currAddr))             #Just a mock example for simplicity
        fileNameLength=48                       #Just a mock example for simplicity
        currFileName=$( dd status=none bs=1 skip=$fileNameStart count=$fileNameLength if=$binaryFile )
    printf "%s\n" "$currFileName"
    done
}

IFS=$'\n'
allFileNames=($(getBinaryList $binaryFile))

echo ${#allFileNames[@]}
printf "%s\n" "${allFileNames[@]}"

推荐答案

您的想法是正确的，但是只需进行一些细微修改，即可实现所需的功能。在 getBinaryList（）函数中，而不是使用 printf（）以换行格式输出输出，请使用NULL字节分隔符，即

Your idea is right, but with a couple of slight modifications you can achieve what you are looking for. In the getBinaryList() function instead of using printf() emitting output with newline formatting, use a NULL byte separator, i.e.

printf "%s\0" "$currFileName"

，而不是将 IFS 修改为换行符，然后将结果插入数组。使用类似 mapfile 的命令将结果直接放入数组。该命令提供了一个选项，用 -d''在NULL字节上定界并将结果存储在 -t 。因此您的结果看起来像是

and now instead of modifying IFS to newline and slurping the result into an array. Use a command like mapfile which puts the results directly into array. The command provides an option to delimit results on the NULL byte with -d '' and to store in array specified by -t. So your result can look like

mapfile -t -d '' allFileNames < <(getBinaryList "$binaryFile")

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