如何修复<< hash_map>已弃用，将被删除。请使用< unordered_map>" ;？ [英] How to fix "<hash_map> is deprecated and will be REMOVED. Please use <unordered_map>"?
问题描述
我正在学习C ++，所以我正在读《编程：使用C ++的原理与实践》一书。
I am learning C++ so I am working through the book Programming: Principles and Practice using C++.
我正在第一次练习，这就是使用Microsoft Visual Studio 2015制作 Hello，World！程序的方法。我使用了本书中提供的源代码。
I am on the first drill, which is how to make a 'Hello, World!' program using Microsoft Visual Studio 2015. I have used the source code as provided in the book.
#include "../../std_lib_facilities.h" //header file recommended by book
int main() //C++ programs start by executing the function main
{
cout <<"Hello, World!\n"; //output "Hello, World!"
keep_window_open(); //wait for a character to be entered
return 0;
}
但是，当我尝试构建可执行程序时会收到两个错误，分别是如下所示：
However, I receive two errors when I try to build an executable program which are as follows:
IntelliSense: static assertion failed with "<hash_map> is
deprecated and will be REMOVED. Please use <unordered_map>. You can define
_SILENCE_STDEXT_HASH_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS to acknowledge that you have
received this warning."
Project: Hello, World!
c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\include\hash_map
Line 14
Error C2338 <hash_map> is deprecated and will be REMOVED. Please use
<unordered_map>. You can define _SILENCE_STDEXT_HASH_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS to
acknowledge that you have received this warning.
Project: Hello, World!
c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 14.0\vc\include\hash_map
Line 17
您能向我解释如何纠正此问题吗？
Could you explain to me how I can rectify this?
std_lib_facilities.h中的代码如下：
The code in the std_lib_facilities.h is as follows:
/*
simple "Programming: Principles and Practice using C++" course header to
be used for the first few weeks.
It provides the most common standard headers (in the global namespace)
and minimal exception/error support.
Students: please don't try to understand the details of headers just yet.
All will be explained. This header is primarily used so that you don't have
to understand every concept all at once.
Revised April 25, 2010: simple_error() added
*/
#ifndef H112
#define H112 201004L
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<sstream>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<string>
#include<list>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<stdexcept>
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <hash_map>
using stdext::hash_map;
#else
#include <ext/hash_map>
using __gnu_cxx::hash_map;
namespace __gnu_cxx {
template<> struct hash<std::string>
{
size_t operator()(const std::string& s) const
{
return hash<char*>()(s.c_str());
}
};
} // of namespace __gnu_cxx
#endif
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---
#define unordered_map hash_map
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---
typedef long Unicode;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---
using namespace std;
template<class T> string to_string(const T& t)
{
ostringstream os;
os << t;
return os.str();
}
struct Range_error : out_of_range { // enhanced vector range error reporting
int index;
Range_error(int i) :out_of_range("Range error: "+to_string(i)), index(i) { }
};
// trivially range-checked vector (no iterator checking):
template< class T> struct Vector : public std::vector<T> {
typedef typename std::vector<T>::size_type size_type;
Vector() { }
explicit Vector(size_type n) :std::vector<T>(n) {}
Vector(size_type n, const T& v) :std::vector<T>(n,v) {}
template <class I>
Vector(I first, I last) :std::vector<T>(first,last) {}
T& operator[](unsigned int i) // rather than return at(i);
{
if (i<0||this->size()<=i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::vector<T>::operator[](i);
}
const T& operator[](unsigned int i) const
{
if (i<0||this->size()<=i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::vector<T>::operator[](i);
}
};
// disgusting macro hack to get a range checked vector:
#define vector Vector
// trivially range-checked string (no iterator checking):
struct String : std::string {
String() { }
String(const char* p) :std::string(p) {}
String(const string& s) :std::string(s) {}
template<class S> String(S s) :std::string(s) {}
String(int sz, char val) :std::string(sz,val) {}
template<class Iter> String(Iter p1, Iter p2) : std::string(p1,p2) { }
char& operator[](unsigned int i) // rather than return at(i);
{
if (i<0||size()<=i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::string::operator[](i);
}
const char& operator[](unsigned int i) const
{
if (i<0||size()<=i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::string::operator[](i);
}
};
#ifndef _MSC_VER
namespace __gnu_cxx {
template<> struct hash<String>
{
size_t operator()(const String& s) const
{
return hash<std::string>()(s);
}
};
} // of namespace __gnu_cxx
#endif
struct Exit : runtime_error {
Exit(): runtime_error("Exit") {}
};
// error() simply disguises throws:
inline void error(const string& s)
{
throw runtime_error(s);
}
inline void error(const string& s, const string& s2)
{
error(s+s2);
}
inline void error(const string& s, int i)
{
ostringstream os;
os << s <<": " << i;
error(os.str());
}
#if _MSC_VER<1500
// disgusting macro hack to get a range checked string:
#define string String
// MS C++ 9.0 have a built-in assert for string range check
// and uses "std::string" in several places so that macro substitution fails
#endif
template<class T> char* as_bytes(T& i) // needed for binary I/O
{
void* addr = &i; // get the address of the first byte
// of memory used to store the object
return static_cast<char*>(addr); // treat that memory as bytes
}
inline void keep_window_open()
{
cin.clear();
cout << "Please enter a character to exit\n";
char ch;
cin >> ch;
return;
}
inline void keep_window_open(string s)
{
if (s=="") return;
cin.clear();
cin.ignore(120,'\n');
for (;;) {
cout << "Please enter " << s << " to exit\n";
string ss;
while (cin >> ss && ss!=s)
cout << "Please enter " << s << " to exit\n";
return;
}
}
// error function to be used (only) until error() is introduced in Chapter 5:
inline void simple_error(string s) // write ``error: s?? and exit program
{
cerr << "error: " << s << '\n';
keep_window_open(); // for some Windows environments
exit(1);
}
// make std::min() and std::max() accessible:
#undef min
#undef max
#include<iomanip>
inline ios_base& general(ios_base& b) // to augment fixed and scientific
{
b.setf(ios_base::fmtflags(0),ios_base::floatfield);
return b;
}
// run-time checked narrowing cast (type conversion):
template<class R, class A> R narrow_cast(const A& a)
{
R r = R(a);
if (A(r)!=a) error(string("info loss"));
return r;
}
inline int randint(int max) { return rand()%max; }
inline int randint(int min, int max) { return randint(max-min)+min; }
inline double sqrt(int x) { return sqrt(double(x)); } // to match C++0x
#endif
推荐答案
有几种解决方法。您可以通过在Visual Studio中编写
There are several ways to fix it. You could just have the compiler ignore it in visual studio by writing
#define _SILENCE_STDEXT_HASH_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS 1
放在他的头文件的顶部（您可能会在他的其余系列中没事）。
at the top of his header file (and you'll likely be fine for the rest of his series).
您可以还重写了他的标头，而不是使用 unordered_map 代替 hash_map 。我不建议您这样做，因为您不是编程新手，但是Stack Overflow上的某种好心可能会为您做到这一点，您可以复制它（一点也不难）。
编辑：T.C.在帖子的评论部分此处找到了。
You could also rewrite his header to instead of hash_map use unordered_map. I do not recommend this since you are new to programming, but some kind soul on Stack Overflow may do that for you and you can copy it (shouldn't be hard at all).
T.C. has found it here in the comments section of your post.
最后，您可以只为书中要执行的任何单元添加必要的头文件，并根据需要手动编写他正在使用的任何功能。在这种情况下，要访问cout函数，您需要在文件顶部编写 #include< iostream> ，然后还使用命名空间编写 std; 在您的 int main（）之前。或者，您可以编写 std :: cout<< Hello World！； 而不包括使用命名空间std的； ，这就是全部。最终产品看起来像：
Lastly, you could just include the necessary header files for whatever unit you are doing in the book, and manually write whatever functions he is using as you need them. In this case to access the cout function you need to write #include <iostream> at the top of your file, and then also write using namespace std; before your int main(). Alternatively, you could write std::cout << "Hello World!"; without including using namespace std;, that's all it does. The final product would look like:
#include <iostream> //for learning, it's probably better to know what each header file does before you use it. silly book.
using namespace std; //act like std:: is before function calls from that library
int main() //C++ programs start by executing the function main
{
cout <<"Hello, World!\n"; //output "Hello, World!"
cin.get(); //wait for a return character to be entered
return 0;
}
看看您是如何在Stack Overflow上发帖的，并且可能有对于学习C ++具有很高的天赋，我建议您进行C ++编程，并尝试一看书就可以准确地了解其功能，然后在Internet上快速搜索想要学习的任何有趣的东西。
Seeing as to how you are posting on Stack Overflow to begin with and probably have a high aptitude for learning C++, I recommend doing the latter and trying to see exactly what his functions are doing once you get there in his book and afterwards doing a quick search on the internet for whatever cool things you want to learn.
这篇关于如何修复<< hash_map>已弃用，将被删除。请使用< unordered_map>" ;？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
