将Unicode输出到控制台的最佳方法是什么？ [英] What is the best way to output Unicode to console?
问题描述
我正在Visual Studio 2019中使用C ++ 17。我已经阅读了一些有关编码的文章，但是我对它们仍然不太满意。我想将UNICODE字符输出到屏幕。为此，我使用以下代码
I am working with C++17 in Visual Studio 2019. I have read a fair bit about encodings but I am still not very comfortable with them. I want to output UNICODE characters to screen. For that, I am using the following code
#include <iostream>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <io.h>
std::wstring symbol{ L"♚" };
_setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_WTEXT);
std::wcout << symbol; //This works fine
std::cout << "Hello"; //This gives "Debug Assertion Failed! Expression: buffer_size % 2 == 0"
_setmode(_fileno(stdout), O_TEXT); //Need this to make std::cout work normally
std::cout << "World"; //This works fine
所以我可以将setmode设置为_O_WTEXT，然后每次需要时都返回O_TEXT输出std :: wstring。但是，我担心这可能是一种低效的处理方式。有更好的方法吗？我已经阅读了有关C ++中本机Widechar支持的内容，但是我很难理解。有人可以照亮我吗？
So I could do setmode to _O_WTEXT and then back to O_TEXT everytime I need to output the std::wstring. However, I am worried this may be an inefficient way to do things. Is there a better way to do it? I have read about something called native widechar support in C++ but I found it hard to understand. Could anyone illuminate me?
编辑
要添加到上面，使用尝试使用 std :: cout _setmode（_fileno（stdout），_ O_U16TEXT）导致与上述相同的行为>无需重新设置模式。如果我改用 _setmode（_fileno（stdout），_ O_U8TEXT），我的代码将无法编译并给出错误'symbol'：重新定义，不同的基本类型和'<<'：使用是非法的在 std :: cout 时对于班级 std :: string符号=<插入我在下面的代码段中尝试过的所有可能性> 。
To add to the above, using _setmode(_fileno(stdout),_O_U16TEXT) leads to the same behaviour as described above when trying to use std::cout without setting the mode back. If I use _setmode(_fileno(stdout),_O_U8TEXT) instead, my code fails to compile and gives errors 'symbol': redefinition, different basic types and '<<': illegal for class when using std::cout on std::string symbol = <insert any of the possibilities I tried in the snippet below>.
建议使用UTF-8 std :: string 来使用 std :: cout 和这样就不必切换到宽屏模式。谁能帮我实现这一目标？我已经尝试过
I have been suggested to use a UTF-8 std::string to be able to use std::cout and that way avoid having to switch to wide mode. Could anyone give me a hand on how to achieve this? I have tried
std::string symbol = "\u265A"; //using std::cout gives "?" and triggers warning *
std::string symbol = "♚"; //Same as above
std::string symbol = u8"\u265A"; //using std::cout gives "ÔÖÜ"
std::string symbol = u8"♚"; //Same as above
* 相同严重性代码说明项目文件行抑制状态
在当前代码页（1252）中无法表示由通用字符名称'\u265A'表示的C4566字符
我已经读过，有可能使用以下命令将 std :: wstring 转换为UTF-8 std :: string 标头< Windows.h> 中的WideCharToMultiByte（）。那行得通吗？有人可以提供任何帮助吗？
I have read it may be possible to convert from std::wstring to UTF-8 std::string using WideCharToMultiByte() from the header <Windows.h>. Would that work? Could anyone offer any help?
推荐答案
提示在错误消息中。 ...无法在当前代码页中表示（1252）。因此，代码页需要更改。 UTF-8的代码页标识符是65001。要更改代码页，请使用 SetConsoleOutputCP 。
The clue is in the error message. "...cannot be represented in the current code page (1252)". So the code page needs to be changed. The code page identifier for UTF-8 is 65001. To change the code page, use SetConsoleOutputCP.
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