如何使用Mockito2在java / androidTest下模拟最终分类？ [英] How to mock Final Clases under java/androidTest using Mockito2?

问题描述

当我在gradle中定义时，可以在java / test下模拟最终类：

Final classes can be mocked under java/test when I define in gradle:

testCompile org.mockito：mockito-inline：+

testCompile "org.mockito:mockito-inline:+"

如何在java / androidTest下模拟最终类？此解决方案不起作用：

How to mock final classes under java/androidTest? This solution does not work:

androidTestCompile org.mockito：mockito-android：+

androidTestCompile "org.mockito:mockito-android:+"

您有任何想法吗？

推荐答案

不支持模拟最终课程根据此GitHub问题 mockito-android / a>。

Mocking final classes is not supported for mockito-android as per this GitHub issue.

从一位图书馆维护者那里：

From one of the library maintainers:

有目前尚无法使[模拟最终课程]在Android中正常运行，因为它缺少我们要基于其运行的工具API。 Android VM不是标准VM，仅实现Java规范的子集。只要Google不选择扩展其JVM，恐怕此功能将无法使用。

There is no real possibility to make [mocking final classes] work in Android at the moment as it lacks the instrumentation API on top of which we are operating. The Android VM is not a standard VM and only implements a subset of the Java specification. As long as Google does not choose to extend its JVM, I am afraid that this feature will not work.

有一些选项可以根据您的用例更换它。

There are some options to replace it depending on your use case.

选项1：使用包装器

如果您想模拟 final 像 BluetoothDevice 这样的Android系统类，您可以简单地围绕该类创建一个非最终包装并使用 BluetoothDeviceWrapper 而不是 BluetoothDevice ：

If you wish to mock a final Android system class like BluetoothDevice you can simply create a non-final wrapper around that class and consume the BluetoothDeviceWrapper in your code instead of the BluetoothDevice:

class BluetoothDeviceWrapper {

   private final BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice;

   BluetoothDeviceWrapper(BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice) {
       this.bluetoothDevice = bluetoothDevice;
   }

   public String getName() {
       return bluetoothDevice.getName();
   }
}

专业提示：您可以使用Android Studio的生成/委托方法，通过按 Alt-Ins 或为您生成诸如 getName（）之类的委托方法 Cmd-N 并选择正确的选项。有关更详细的示例，请参见此答案。

Pro tip: you can use Android Studio's Generate / Delegate methods to generate delegate methods like getName() for you by pressing Alt-Ins or Cmd-N and choosing the correct option. See this answer for a more detailed example.

选项2：使用Robolectric之类的测试框架

Robolectric 提供Android类（如 Context 和 SQLiteDatabase ）的工作测试双倍测试（称为阴影）。您也许可以在开箱即用的测试中找到要尝试模拟的类的影子。

Robolectric provides working test doubles (called shadows) of Android classes like Context and SQLiteDatabase. You may be able to find a shadow of the class you are trying to mock in your test out of the box.

选项3：使用DexOpener

您也可以尝试使用库 DexOpener 并能够在Android中模拟最终课程。

You can also try the library DexOpener with the ability to mock final classes in Android.

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