python：根据操作系统使用不同的功能 [英] python: use different function depending on os

问题描述

我想编写一个将在Linux和Solaris上执行的脚本。在两种操作系统上，大多数逻辑都是相同的，因此我只编写了一个脚本。但是由于某些部署的结构会有所不同（文件位置，文件格式，命令的语法），所以两个平台上的几个功能将有所不同。

I want to write a script that will execute on Linux and Solaris. Most of the logic will be identical on both OS, therefore I write just one script. But because some deployed structure will differ (file locations, file formats, syntax of commands), a couple of functions will be different on the two platforms.

这可以解决像

if 'linux' in sys.platform:
    result = do_stuff_linux()
if 'sun' in sys.platform:
    result = do_stuff_solaris()
more_stuf(result)
...

但是，在整个代码中撒些这些 ifs 似乎既麻烦又不礼貌。我也可以在一些 dict 中注册函数，然后通过dict调用函数。可能要好一些。

However it seems to cumbersome and unelegant to sprinkle these ifs throughout the code. Also I could register functions in some dict and then call functions via the dict. Probably a little nicer.

关于如何完成此操作的任何更好的想法？

Any better ideas on how this could be done?

推荐答案

解决方案1：

为每个需要复制并导入正确的功能的功能创建单独的文件：

You create separate files for each of the functions you need to duplicate and import the right one:

import sys
if 'linux' in sys.platform:
    from .linux import prepare, cook
elif 'sun' in sys.platform:
    from .sun import prepare, cook
else:
    raise RuntimeError("Unsupported operating system: {}".format(sys.platform))

dinner = prepare('pork')
drink_wine()
result = cook(dinner)

解决方案1.5：

如果您需要将所有内容保存在一个文件中，或只是不喜欢条件导入，您始终可以只为以下函数创建别名：

If you need to keep everything in a single file, or just don't like the conditional import, you can always just create aliases for the functions like so:

import sys

def prepare_linux(ingredient):
    ...

def prepare_sun(ingredient):
    ...

def cook_linux(meal):
    ...

def cook_sun(meal):
    ...

if 'linux' in sys.platform:
    prepare = prepare_linux
    cook = cook_linux
elif 'sun' in sys.platform:
    prepare = prepare_sun
    cook = cook_sun
else:
    raise RuntimeError("Unsupported operating system: {}".format(sys.platform))

dinner = prepare('chicken')
drink_wine()
result = cook(dinner)

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