python请求和cx_freeze [英] python requests and cx_freeze

问题描述

我试图冻结依赖于请求的python应用程序，但出现以下错误：

I am trying to freeze a python app that depends on requests, but I am getting the following error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\util.py", line 630, in ssl_wrap_socket
    context.load_verify_locations(ca_certs)
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory

似乎无法找到带有可执行文件的ssl证书。我发现了这，这似乎是相同的问题，但是我无法弄清楚他们是如何工作的。主要问题似乎是请求捆绑的证书未复制到压缩库中。因此，似乎必须强制cx_freeze捆绑证书，然后从脚本中指向证书。

Looks like it is having trouble finding the ssl certificate with the executable. I found this which seems to be the same problem, but I am not able to figure out how they got it to work. The main problem seems to be that the certificate bundled by requests is not copied over to the compressed library. So it seems that I will have to force cx_freeze to bundle the certificates and then point to it from my script.

从这个简单的脚本开始，一切正常：

Starting with this simple script everything works fine:

import requests
r = requests.get("https://yourapihere.com")
print(r.json())

然后，如果我添加证书文件，我会报错：

Then if I add the certificate file I stat getting errors:

import requests
r = requests.get("https://yourapihere.com", cert=requests.certs.where())
print(r.json())

-

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 480, in urlopen
    body=body, headers=headers)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 285, in _make_request
    conn.request(method, url, **httplib_request_kw)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 1065, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 1103, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 1061, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 906, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 844, in send
    self.connect()
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 164, in connect
    ssl_version=resolved_ssl_version)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\util.py", line 637, in ssl_wrap_socket
    context.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile)
ssl.SSLError: [SSL] PEM lib (_ssl.c:2155)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 330, in send
    timeout=timeout
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 504, in urlopen
    raise SSLError(e)
requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions.SSLError: [SSL] PEM lib (_ssl.c:2155)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "example.py", line 10, in <module>
    r = requests.get("https://yourapihere.com", cert=requests.certs.where())
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 55, in get
    return request('get', url, **kwargs)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 44, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 383, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 486, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "c:\Python33\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 385, in send
    raise SSLError(e)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: [SSL] PEM lib (_ssl.c:2155)

我想我正在使用它正确，但无法真正弄清楚为什么它不起作用。我猜想解决此问题后，我可以继续并将证书添加到cx_freeze捆绑包中，例如：

I guess I am using it correctly, but cant really figure out why it is not working. I guess that after fixing this I can continue and add the certificate to the cx_freeze bundle, something like:

example.py：

example.py:

import os
import requests

cert = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(requests.__file__),'cacert.pem')
r = requests.get("https://yourapihere.com", cert=cert)
print(r.json())

setup.py：

from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable

import requests.certs
build_exe_options = {"zip_includes":[(requests.certs.where(),'requests/cacert.pem')]}

executables = [
    Executable('example.py')
]

setup(
      executables=executables
      )

如果有人可以给我小费，将不胜感激。

if someone could give me a tip it would be much appreciated.

推荐答案

使其生效的步骤：

• 明确告知请求证书的位置


• 告诉cx_fre eze还可以在构建时获取证书文件


• 具有在冻结时使用正确的证书文件的代码

test.py：

import os
import sys

import requests

# sets the path to the certificate file
if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
    # if frozen, get embeded file
    cacert = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(sys.executable), 'cacert.pem')
else:
    # else just get the default file
    cacert = requests.certs.where()

# remember to use the verify to set the certificate to be used
# I guess it could also work with REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE, but I have not tried
r = requests.get('https://www.google.com', verify=cacert)

print(r)

setup.py：

from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable
import requests
import sys

executable = Executable( script = "test.py" )

# Add certificate to the build
options = {
    "build_exe": {
        'include_files' : [(requests.certs.where(), 'cacert.pem')]
    }
}

setup(
    version = "0",
    requires = ["requests"],
    options = options,
    executables = [executable]
)

要构建它，只需：

$ python setup.py build

如果成功，您应该看到：

If successful you should see:

$ test
<Response [200]>

这篇关于python请求和cx_freeze的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！