转换年龄，在R中输入为“ X周，Y天，Z小时” [英] Convert age entered as 'X Weeks, Y Days, Z hours' in R

问题描述

我有一个年龄变量，其中包含遵循以下（不一致）格式的观察结果：

I have an age variable containing observations that follow this (inconsistent) format:

3 weeks, 2 days, 4 hours
4 weeks, 6 days, 12 hours
3 days, 18 hours
4 days, 3 hours
7 hours
8 hours

我需要使用R将每个观察值转换为小时。

I need to convert each observation to hours using R.

strsplit（vector，'，'）在每个逗号处拆分变量。

I have used strsplit(vector, ',') to split the variable at each comma.

我遇到了麻烦，因为将每个观察结果拆分为，每个观察结果会产生1到3个条目。我不知道如何正确地为这些条目建立索引，以至于每个观察结果最后一行。

I am running trouble because splitting each observation at the ',' yields anywhere from 1 to 3 entries for each observation. I do not know how to properly index these entries so that I end up with one row for each observation.

我猜想一旦能够将这些值存储在合理的行，我可以从一行的每一列中提取数值数据并进行相应的转换，然后对整个行求和。

I am guessing that once I am able to store these values in sensible rows, I can extract the numeric data from each column in a row and convert accordingly, then sum the entire row.

我也欢迎采用任何其他方法这个问题。

I am also open to any different methods of approaching this problem.

推荐答案

Hadleyverse再次求助：

Hadleyverse comes to the rescue again:

library(lubridate)
library(stringr)

dat <- readLines(textConnection(" 3   weeks,   2  days,  4 hours
 4 week,  6 days,  12 hours 
3 days, 18 hours
4 day, 3 hours
 7 hours
8  hour"))

sapply(str_split(str_trim(dat), ",[ ]*"), function(x) {
  sum(sapply(x, function(y) {
    bits <- str_split(str_trim(y), "[ ]+")[[1]]
    duration(as.numeric(bits[1]), bits[2])
  })) / 3600
})

## [1] 556 828  90  99   7   8

我对数据进行了一些修改，以表明它在解析事物方面也比较灵活。我不认为第二个 str_trim 绝对不是必需的，但是没有验证周期。

I whacked the data a bit to show it's also somewhat flexible in how it parses things. I rly don't think the second str_trim is absolutely necessary but didn't have cycles to verify.

解释是它会修剪原始向量，然后将其拆分为多个分量（从而形成向量列表）。然后对该列表进行迭代，并进一步修剪各个矢量元素，并将其分为＃和单位持续时间。传递给lubridate并返回值，并通过调用 sum 自动将其转换为数字秒，然后将其换算为小时。

The exposition is that it trims the original vector then splits it into components (which makes a list of vectors). That list is then iterated over and the individual vector elements are further trimmed and split into # and unit duration. That's passed to lubridate and the value is returned and automatically converted to numeric seconds by the call to sum and we then make it into hours.

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