如何获取子目录的完整列表（包括子目录的子目录）？ [英] How to acquire complete list of subdirs (including subdirs of subdirs)?

问题描述

我有成千上万个城市文件夹（例如 city1 ， city2 ，依此类推，但实际上命名为例如纽约，波士顿等）。每个文件夹还包含两个子文件夹： land 和 house 。

因此目录结构如下：

 当前字典
 ---- city1 
 -----房子
 ------许多.xlsx文件
 -----土地
 ----- city2 
 ----- city3 
···
 ----- city1000 
  

我想获取所有子目录的完整列表并进行一些操作（例如 import excel ）。我知道有一个宏扩展函数： local list：dir 来处理此问题，但看来它只能返回第一层的子目录，例如 city_i ，而不是更深的目录。

如果我想要在所有文件夹中采取措施，我需要什么样的工作流程？

我已经开始尝试编写代码来实现自己的目标：

  cd G：\Data_backup\Soufang_data 
本地文件夹：dir。 dirs * 
 foreach本地文件夹{{
 local`i'_house：dir G：\Data_backup\Soufang_data\ʻi \house文件 * .xlsx  
 
本地计数= 1 
 foreach本地`i'_house {
 cap import excel`j，清除
上限，清除
上限落在1/1 
 
中，如果`count'== 1 {
保存`i'.dta，替换
} 
否则{
 cap qui append使用ʻi'
保存ʻi'.dta，替换
} 
 
本地++ count 
} 
} 
  

有问题：

 `ʻi''
  

在目录中，我努力使它起作用

我有

（我在Stata上13.检查帮助字符串函数以了解其他标记方法。）

I have thousands of city folders (for example city1, city2, and so on, but in reality named like NewYork, Boston, etc.). Each folder further contains two subfolders: land and house.

So the directory structure is like:

current dictionary
  ---- city1
     ----- house 
         ------ many .xlsx files
     ----- land
  ----- city2
  ----- city3
  ···
  ----- city1000

I want to get the complete list of all subdirs and do some manipulation (like import excel). I know there is a macro extended function: local list: dir to handle this issue, but it seems it can only return the first tier of subdirs, like city_i, rather than those deeper ones.

More specifically, if I want to take action within all house folders, what kind of workflow do I need?

I have made an initial attempt to write code to achieve my goal:

cd G:\Data_backup\Soufang_data
local folder: dir . dirs "*"
foreach i of local folder {
     local `i'_house : dir  "G:\Data_backup\Soufang_data\``i''\house" files "*.xlsx"

     local count = 1
     foreach j of local `i'_house {
        cap import excel "`j'",clear
        cap sxpose,clear
        cap drop in 1/1

        if `count'==1 {
          save `i'.dta, replace
            }
        else          {
         cap qui append using `i'
         save `i'.dta,replace
            }

       local ++count
     }
}

There is something wrong with:

``i'' 

in the dir, I struggled to make it work without success, anyway.

I have another post on this project.

---

Supplementary remarks:

As Nick points out, it's the back slash that causes the trouble. Moving from that point, however, I encounter another problem. Say, without the complicated actions, I just want to test if my loops work, so I write the following code snippet:

set more off
cd G:\Data_backup\Soufang_data
local folder: dir . dirs "*"
foreach i of local folder {
     di "`i'"
     local `i'_house : dir  "G:\Data_backup\Soufang_data/`i'\house" files "*.xlsx"

     foreach j of local `i'_house {
        di "`j'"
     }
}

However, the outcome on the screen is something like:

city1
project100
project99
······
project1

It seems the code only loops one round, over the first city, but fails to come to city2, city3 and so on. I suspect it's due to my problematic writing of the local, especially in this line but I'm not sure:

foreach j of local `i'_house

解决方案

Although not a solution to whatever problem you're actually presenting, an easier way might be to use filelist, from SSC (ssc install filelist).

An example might be:

. // list all files
. filelist, directory("D:\Datos\RFERRER\Desktop\example")
Number of files found = 5

. 
. // strange way of tagging directories ending in "\house"
. // change at will
. gen tag = substr(reverse(dirname),1,6) == "esuoh/"

. 
. order tag

. list

     +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
     | tag   dirname                                                     filename             fsize |
     |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
  1. |   0   D:\Datos\RFERRER\Desktop\example/proj_1                     newfile.txt              0 |
  2. |   1   D:\Datos\RFERRER\Desktop\example/proj_2/house               somefile.txt             0 |
  3. |   0   D:\Datos\RFERRER\Desktop\example/proj_3/subproj_3_2         newfile2.txt             0 |
  4. |   1   D:\Datos\RFERRER\Desktop\example/proj_3/subproj_3_2/house   anothernewfile.txt       0 |
  5. |   1   D:\Datos\RFERRER\Desktop\example/proj_3/subproj_3_2/house   someotherfile.txt        0 |
     +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Afterwards, use keep or drop, conditional on variable tag.

Graphically, the directory looks like:

(I'm on Stata 13. Check help string functions for other ways to tag.)

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