控制x刻度日期值 [英] controlling the x ticks date values

问题描述

我有以下数据样本作为x，y对，并且x和y都是Unix时间戳：

I have the following data sample as x,y pairs and both x and y are Unix time-stamps:

1354648326,1354648326
1354649456,1371775551
1354649664,1429649819
1354649667,1429644021
1354649683,1356976159
1354649767,1441369794
1354649863,1414467362
1354650486,1366297316
1354650757,1456962664
1354650789,1359398128
1354651552,1354656458
1354651555,1368631443
1354651591,1456420412
1354651616,1354651616
1354651715,1444573208
1354652048,1454443352
1354652382,1394722546
1354652687,1355993864
1354653448,1387378662
1354653731,1396094300
1354653769,1417765024
1354654110,1457230519
1354654111,1452854788
1354654179,1423877890
1354654266,1355148505
1354654374,1446848232
1354654374,1456864004
1354654615,1355858928
1354654700,1456945892
1354654707,1456265183
1354654744,1442939141
1354654747,1388436654
1354654771,1449799848
1354654775,1355177773
1354654808,1456857861
1354654809,1411369798
1354654855,1355934384
1354654915,1457100468
1354654962,1388784204
1354655085,1454446403
1354655219,1364196550
1354655232,1387214819
1354655262,1377170885
1354655264,1369689630
1354655289,1388750388
1354655389,1387387305
1354655434,1389255185
1354655436,1387165968
1354655592,1374369153
1354655661,1456912753
1354655811,1354718201
1354655889,1426675579
1354656139,1420486774

，我想将其绘制为散点图，但没有在x和y轴上显示难看的时间戳格式。
相反，我想在轴上绘制日期（格式为YYYY-MM-DD或任何其他可读格式），并以3个月的差异显示它们。

and I want to plot it as scatter, but without the ugly time stamp format shown on x and y axis. Instead, I wanted to plot dates on the axis (in format YYYY-MM-DD or any other readable format) and show them with 3 months difference.

我有以下代码：

ax.set_xticklabels(getLabels(s,t),rotation=20)

其中 getLabels（s，t）定义为：

def getLabels(s,t): #s and t are unix time stamps
    labels =[]
    for x in pd.date_range(start=s, end=t, freq='3M'):
        labels.append(str(x).replace(" 00:00:00",""))
    print labels
    return labels

并返回类似的内容：

['2012-06-30', '2012-09-30', '2012-12-31', '2013-03-31', '2013-06-30', '2013-09-30', '2013-12-31', '2014-03-31', '2014-06-30', '2014-09-30', '2014-12-31', '2015-03-31', '2015-06-30', '2015-09-30', '2015-12-31', '2016-03-31']
['2012-06-30', '2012-09-30', '2012-12-31', '2013-03-31', '2013-06-30', '2013-09-30', '2013-12-31', '2014-03-31', '2014-06-30', '2014-09-30', '2014-12-31', '2015-03-31', '2015-06-30', '2015-09-30', '2015-12-31', '2016-03-31']

现在，问题是x轴刻度标签的显示与上一个日期数组中的不完全相同，而是仅显示前6个日期（开始从2012-09-30到2013-12-31结束）

Now, the problem is that the x axis ticks labels are not shown exactly as they are in the previous array of dates, instead, it shows only the first 6 dates (starting from 2012-09-30 and ending with 2013-12-31)

出了什么问题？

推荐答案

您的问题是您的图形只有五个刻度，因此只能显示五个标签。如果要显示所有标签，则需要确保您有相同的刻度数。

Your problem is that your graph only has five ticks, so it can only display five labels. If you want to display all the labels, then you need to make sure that you have the same number of ticks.

我没有安装熊猫，无论如何，没有完整的数据，因此无法重新创建标签。我只是复制了您提供的标签列表。我还对min&标签中x轴的最大值（以便在正确的位置绘制数据）。

I don't have pandas installed, and anyway, don't have the full data so can't re-create the labels. I have simply copied the list of labels you have provided. I have also 'reverse-engineered' the min & max for the x-axis from the labels (so that the data plots in the right place).

此行： ax.xaxis.set_ticks （np.arange（min_x，max_x，int（（max_x-min_x）/ len（labels）））））
确保您的刻度数与标签相同。

This line: ax.xaxis.set_ticks(np.arange(min_x, max_x, int((max_x-min_x)/len(labels)))) Ensures that you have the same number of ticks as labels.

请注意，我还更改了标签的水平对齐方式，这样，即使被压扁，也仍然很清楚标签所对应的刻度。这部分数据似乎绘制在正确的位置，所以我很确定标签在正确的位置。

Note that I have also changed the horizontal alignment of the labels so that, even when squashed up, it is still clear which tick the label corresponds to. This slice of the data appears to plot in the right location, so I'm pretty sure the labels are in the right place.

（显然，y轴可以是

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import time
import datetime

labels =['2012-06-30', '2012-09-30', '2012-12-31', '2013-03-31',
         '2013-06-30', '2013-09-30', '2013-12-31', '2014-03-31',
         '2014-06-30', '2014-09-30', '2014-12-31', '2015-03-31',
         '2015-06-30', '2015-09-30', '2015-12-31', '2016-03-31']
x = []
y = []
with open('data.txt','r') as myfile:
    for line in myfile:
        _x, _y = line.strip().split(',')
        x.append(int(_x))
        y.append(int(_y))

min_x = int(time.mktime(datetime.datetime.strptime('2012-06-30','%Y-%m-%d').timetuple()))
max_x = int(time.mktime(datetime.datetime.strptime('2016-03-31','%Y-%m-%d').timetuple()))

print (datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(min(x)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d')) 
# Confirm that we are plotting in the right place for this sample

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax.set_xlim(min_x, max_x)
ax.xaxis.set_ticks(np.arange(min_x, max_x, int((max_x-min_x)/len(labels))))
ax.set_xticklabels(labels, rotation=20, horizontalalignment = 'right')
ax.scatter(x,y)
plt.show()

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