Django管理站点的“身份验证”部分中没有“用户”链接 [英] No “Users” link in “Auth” section of Django admin site

问题描述

我已在Django应用中创建了一个自定义用户对象，但无法控制用户权限。我相信这是因为用户链接没有出现在Django管理网站的身份验证部分中，该位置通常是对权限进行控制的。

I’ve created a custom user object in my Django app, but don’t have control over user permissions. I believe this is because the Users link isn’t appearing in the Auth section of the Django admin site, where permissions are usually controlled.

为什么不显示？

这是来自我的models.py文件：

This is from my models.py file:

    from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager, PermissionsMixin
    from django.db import models


    class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
        def create_user(self, username, password=None):
            """
            Creates and saves a user with the given username.
            """
            user = self.model()
            user.username = username
            user.set_password(password)
            user.save(using=self._db)
            return user

        def create_superuser(self, username, password):     
            """
            Creates and saves a superuser with the given username.
            """
            user = self.create_user(username, password=password)
            user.is_admin = True
            user.is_staff = True
            user.is_superuser = True
            user.save(using=self._db)
            return user


    class FooUser(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
        username = models.CharField(max_length=40, unique=True, db_index=True)
        is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
        is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
        is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
        my_time_field = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

        USERNAME_FIELD = 'username'

        objects = UserManager()

        class Meta:
            app_label = 'foo'

        def get_full_name(self):
            return self.username

        def get_short_name(self):
            return self.username

        def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
            return self.is_admin

        def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
            return self.is_admin

在其他应用程序中，我根据需要进一步扩展用户模型：

In other apps I extend the user model further as needed:

    class CocoUser(FooUser):
        mobile_number = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
        first_name = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
        last_name = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
        email = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)

这是来自我的settings.py文件：

This is from my settings.py file:

    MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
        'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
        'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
        'kohlab.force_logout.ForceLogoutMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    )

    INSTALLED_APPS = (
        'django.contrib.auth',
        'django.contrib.contenttypes',
        'django.contrib.sessions',
        'django.contrib.sites',
        'django.contrib.messages',
        'django.contrib.staticfiles',
        'django.contrib.admin',
        'django.contrib.admindocs',
        'django.contrib.humanize',
        'django.contrib.messages',
            'django_cleanup',
            'south',
            'myapp',
    )

    TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
        "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
        "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
        "django.core.context_processors.static",
        "kohlab.context_processors.site",
    )

    AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
        'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',
    )

    AUTH_USER_MODEL = ‘myapp.FooUser’

这来自我的urls.py文件：

This is from my urls.py file:

    from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
    from django.contrib import admin

    admin.autodiscover()

    urlpatterns = patterns('',
        url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),
        url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
    )

这是来自我的admin.py文件：

This is from my admin.py file:

    from django import forms
    from django.contrib import admin
    from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin
    from coco.models import CocoUser


    class CocoUserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
        """A form for creating new users.  Includes all the required fields, plus a repeated password."""

        class Meta:
            model = CocoUser
            fields = ('mobile_number', 'email', 'first_name', 'last_name',)


    class CocoUserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
        """
        A form for updating users.  Includes all the fields on the user, but replaces the password field with the initial one.
        """
        class Meta:
            model = CocoUser
            fields = ['is_admin', 'is_staff', 'mobile_number', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email']

        def clean_password(self):
            # Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value.
            # This is done here, rather than on the field, because the field does not have access to the initial value
            return self.initial["password"]


    class CocoUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
        # The forms to add and change user instances
        form = CocoUserChangeForm
        add_form = CocoUserCreationForm

        # The fields to be used in displaying the CocoUser model.
        # These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin that reference specific fields on auth.User.
        list_display = ('id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'mobile_number', 'is_admin', 'is_staff',)
        list_filter = ('is_admin',)
        fieldsets = (
            (None, {'fields': ('is_admin', 'is_staff', 'mobile_number', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email',)}),
        )
        add_fieldsets = (
            (None, {
                'classes': ('wide',),
                'fields': ('mobile_number', 'email', 'first_name', 'last_name',)}
            ),
        )
        search_fields = ('id', 'mobile_number', 'email', 'first_name', 'last_name',)
        ordering = ('last_name', 'first_name',)
        filter_horizontal = ()

    # Now register the new UserAdmin...
    admin.site.register(CocoUser, CocoUserAdmin)

推荐答案

最后，解决方案非常简单。我必须调整我的CocoUserAdmin的字段集以显示权限。

In the end, the solution was rather simple. I had to adjust my CocoUserAdmin’s fieldsets to expose the permissions.

使用这样的自定义类，在Auth部分中将没有用户链接，因为自定义类将接管-包括权限。除非将'groups'和'user_permissions'添加到<$ c $，否则这些设置将不明显。 c> fieldsets 。

With a custom class like that, there will be no Users link in the Auth section, because the custom class takes over -- including permissions. These settings won’t be evident though, unless 'groups' and 'user_permissions' are added to fieldsets.

修复CocoUserAdmin fieldsets 是关键。在此过程中，我将FooUser转换为AbstractUser的子类。这可能是不必要的。当CocoUser也是AbstractBaseUser的子类时，权限可能已经存在，但是我不确定。

That CocoUserAdmin fieldsets fix is the key. Along the way, I converted FooUser to be a subclass of AbstractUser. This might have been unnecessary; the permissions may well have been there when CocoUser was a subclass of AbstractBaseUser too, but I’m not sure.

来自我的最终models.py文件：

From my final models.py file:

    from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
    from django.db import models


    class FooUser(AbstractUser):
        my_time_field = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

    class CocoUser(FooUser):
        mobile_number = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)

从我的最终admin.py文件中：

From my final admin.py file:

    from django import forms
    from django.contrib import admin
    from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin
    from coco.models import CocoUser


    class CocoUserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
        """A form for creating new users."""

        class Meta:
            model = CocoUser
            fields = ('username', 'mobile_number', 'email', 'first_name', 'last_name',)


    class CocoUserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
        """
        A form for updating users.  Includes all the fields on the user.
        """
        class Meta:
            model = CocoUser
            fields = ['username', 'password', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'is_active', 'is_staff', 'is_superuser', 'groups', 'user_permissions', 'last_login', 'date_joined', 
                                'my_time_field', 'mobile_number',]


    class CocoUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
        # The forms to add and change user instances
        form = CocoUserChangeForm
        add_form = CocoUserCreationForm

        # The fields to be used in displaying the CocoUser model.
        # These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin that reference specific fields on auth.User.
        list_display = ('id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'mobile_number',)
        fieldsets = (
            (None, {'fields': ('username', 'password',)}),
            ('Personal info', {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'date_joined', 'last_login', 'is_online',)}),
            ('Permissions', {'fields': ('is_active', 'is_staff', 'is_superuser', 'groups', 'user_permissions',)}),
            ('Coco', {'fields': ('my_time_field', 'mobile_number',)}),
        )
        add_fieldsets = (
         (None, {
                'classes': ('wide',),
                'fields': ('username', 'mobile_number', 'email', 'first_name', 'last_name',)}
            ),
        )
        search_fields = ('id', 'mobile_number', 'email', 'first_name', 'last_name',)
        ordering = ('last_name', 'first_name',)

        class Meta:
            model = CocoUser

这篇关于Django管理站点的“身份验证”部分中没有“用户”链接的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！