无法将我的Visual-C ++ DLL添加到我的VB.NET Windows窗体GUI应用程序 [英] Trouble adding my Visual-C++ DLL to my VB.NET windows forms GUI app
问题描述
Windows 10和Visual Studio 2017。
Windows 10 and Visual Studio 2017.
要引用VB.NET项目中的DLL：
I DID vb.net项目属性>添加>参考>浏览>我的DLL在此vb.net项目的项目目录中>添加>选中DLL>确定
To reference the DLL in the VB.NET project: I DID vb.net project properties > Add > Reference > Browse > my DLL in project directory of this vb.net project > Add > checkmark DLL > OK
...，我得到此错误：参考[ .dll]。
...and I get this error: "A reference [.dll] could not be added."
这是Visual-C ++ 2017pro DLL项目属性...
Here is Visual-C++ 2017pro DLL project properties ...
此处是VB.NET调用的DLL中的函数（添加extern C和__stdcall之后）：
Here is function in DLL called by VB.NET (after addition of extern "C" & __stdcall):
extern "C" BASICDLL_API int __stdcall Connect()
{
char manufacturer[] = "Acme Inc. ";
char product[] = "System ";
return BDLL_Connect(manufacturer, product);
}
以下是Fns的VB.NET声明。在DLL中。...
Here are VB.NET declarations for Fns. within DLL....
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Module main_board_interface
Public Class NativeMethods
<DllImport("myDLL.dll")>
Public Shared Function Connect() As Integer
End Function
<DllImport("myDLL.dll")>
Public Shared Function Read_Parameters(ByVal board As Byte, ByRef params As UInt16()) As Integer
End Function
<DllImport("myDLL.dll")>
Public Shared Function Write_Parameter(ByVal board As Byte, ByRef param_ID As Byte, value As Int32) As Integer
End Function
<DllImport("myDLL.dll")>
Public Shared Function Save_Parameter(ByVal board As Byte, ByRef param_ID As Byte) As Integer
End Function
<DllImport("myDLL.dll")>
Public Shared Function Disconnect() As Integer
End Function
End Class
End Module
.............................................. .....
..........................................
添加DLL并运行程序后，单击DLL中调用Connect（）方法的命令按钮时，出现以下错误：
After adding the DLL and running the program, I got below error when I clicked the command button that called the Connect() method in the DLL:
Private Sub Button_test_main_board_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button_test_main_board.Click
Dim return_status = main_board_interface.NativeMethods.Connect() <<<<<<<<<<<<<< BELOW ERROR HERE.
If return_status = 0 Then
TextBox_main_board_comm.Text = "Connection with Main Board V1" & vbCrLf
Else
TextBox_main_board_comm.Text = "No connection with Main Board V1" & vbCrLf
Return
End If
错误详细信息...
System.BadImageFormatException occurred
HResult=0x8007000B
Message=An attempt was made to load a program with an incorrect format. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007000B)
Source=v1
StackTrace:
at NationalInstruments.Examples.ContAcqVoltageSamples_IntClk.main_board_interface.NativeMethods.Connect()
at NationalInstruments.Examples.ContAcqVoltageSamples_IntClk.MainForm.Button_test_main_board_Click(Object sender, EventArgs e) in C:\PRIMARY\...\WORK\SYSTEM GUI V1\MainForm.vb:line 1579
at System.Windows.Forms.Control.OnClick(EventArgs e)
at System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnClick(EventArgs e)
at System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs mevent)
at System.Windows.Forms.Control.WmMouseUp(Message& m, MouseButtons button, Int32 clicks)
at System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc(Message& m)
at System.Windows.Forms.ButtonBase.WndProc(Message& m)
at System.Windows.Forms.Button.WndProc(Message& m)
at System.Windows.Forms.NativeWindow.DebuggableCallback(IntPtr hWnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam)
at System.Windows.Forms.UnsafeNativeMethods.DispatchMessageW(MSG& msg)
at System.Windows.Forms.Application.ComponentManager.System.Windows.Forms.UnsafeNativeMethods.IMsoComponentManager.FPushMessageLoop(IntPtr dwComponentID, Int32 reason, Int32 pvLoopData)
at System.Windows.Forms.Application.ThreadContext.RunMessageLoopInner(Int32 reason, ApplicationContext context)
at System.Windows.Forms.Application.ThreadContext.RunMessageLoop(Int32 reason, ApplicationContext context)
at NationalInstruments.Examples.ContAcqVoltageSamples_IntClk.MainForm.Main()
在向DLL connect添加extern C和__stdcall'decorations'后，我仍然收到此错误
I still get this error after addition of extern "C" and __stdcall 'decorations' to DLL connect() function.
.............
.............
DLL配置&平台是：Active（Debug）& Active（Win32）
DLL config & platform are: Active(Debug) & Active(Win32)
VB.NET配置&平台是：Active（Debug）&活动（任何CPU）
VB.NET config & platform are: Active(Debug) & Active(Any CPU)
笔记本电脑Windows 10是64位
Laptop Windows 10 is 64-bit
将DLL平台更改为x64吗？
Change DLL platform to x64 ?
推荐答案
向DLL添加引用和P /调用它之间存在区别。您只能添加对.NET DLL的引用，因为它是一种以.NET友好的方式直接访问DLL成员的方法。由于两个程序集都使用相同的语言（IL），因此DLL可以轻松地由常规应用程序编译和引用。
There's a difference between adding a reference to the DLL and P/Invoking it. You can only add a reference to .NET DLLs because it is a way of directly accessing the DLL's members in a .NET-friendly way. Since both assemblies are of the same language (IL) the DLL can easily be compiled and referenced by the regular application.
P /调用与之完全不同，因为您可以编组调用到本机DLL，该DLL已被编译为纯机器代码。不能将其添加为引用，因为编译器无法将其链接到.NET代码，因为它仅理解.NET语言和IL。
P/Invoking however is completely different because there you are marshalling calls to a native DLL, which is already compiled into pure machine code. It cannot be added as a reference because the compiler cannot link it to the .NET code since it only understands .NET languages and IL.
将DLL添加到项目中您必须改为将其添加为宽松文件：
To add the DLL to your project you have to add it as a loose file instead:
-
在
中右键单击项目解决方案资源管理器并转到添加>现有项目...。
找到您的本机DLL并将其选中（但不要添加）。然后按添加按钮上的小箭头，然后选择添加为链接。
Locate your native DLL and select it (but do not add it). Then press the little arrow on the Add button and select Add As Link.
- 通过将DLL添加为链接（快捷方式），您始终可以引用原始文件。因此，如果您曾经更新/重新编译该DLL，则不会必须将其重新添加到您的VB.NET项目中。
- By adding the DLL as a link (shortcut) you always refer to the original file. Thus if you ever update/recompile the DLL you won't have to re-add it to your VB.NET project.
在解决方案资源管理器中选择您的DLL。
进入属性窗口并将复制到输出目录更改为始终复制。
- 这将确保您的DLL始终复制到输出目录（
bin\Debug或bin\发布）。
- This will make sure that your DLL is always copied to the output directory (
bin\Debugorbin\Release) every time you compile the project.
完成！
Done!
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