在Docker文件中安装python软件包 [英] Install python package in docker file

问题描述

在我的docker文件中，我想安装med2image python软件包（ https://github.com/FNNDSC/med2image ）。我使用以下代码：

In my docker file, I want to install med2image python package (https://github.com/FNNDSC/med2image). I use the following code:

FROM ubuntu:16.04
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    python3.5 \
    python3-pip \
    && \
apt-get clean && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
RUN pip install nibabel pydicom matplotlib pillow
RUN pip install med2image

但是当我要构建图像时出现以下错误：

But I get the following error when I want to build the image:

Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/6f/e5/948b023c7feb72adf7dfb26d90a13c838737bbf52be704f5ddd0878e3264/med2image-1.1.2.tar.gz
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
Sorry, only Python 3.5+ is supported.

----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in  /tmp/pip-install-FnNb_S/med2image/
The command '/bin/sh -c pip install med2image' returned a non-zero code: 1

我该怎么办？！

推荐答案

推荐的基本映像

正如我的评论中所建议的，您可以编写一个如下所示的Dockerfile：

Recommended base image

As suggested in my comment, you could write a Dockerfile that looks like:

FROM python:3

RUN pip install --upgrade pip && \
    pip install --no-cache-dir nibabel pydicom matplotlib pillow && \
    pip install --no-cache-dir med2image

CMD ["cat", "/etc/os-release"]

上面的命令示例可以在运行时确认（ docker build --pull -t test。&& docker run- -rm -it测试），该映像基于GNU / Linux发行版 Debian稳定版。

And the command example above could confirm at runtime (docker build --pull -t test . && docker run --rm -it test) that this image is based on the GNU/Linux distribution "Debian stable".

最后给出一个全面的答案，请注意，有关Python依赖项的一个好的实践是在声明中指定它们 格式的文本文件（按字母顺序排列），因此对于您的示例，您可能需要编写以下文件：

Finally to give a comprehensive answer, note that a good practice regarding Python dependencies consists in specifying them in a declarative way in a dedicated text file (in alphabetical order) so that for your example, you may want to write the following file:

requirements.txt

matplotlib
med2image
nibabel
pillow
pydicom

并使用以下通用 Dockerfile

FROM python:3

WORKDIR /usr/src/app

COPY requirements.txt ./

RUN pip install --upgrade pip && \
    pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

COPY . .

CMD [ "python", "./your-daemon-or-script.py" ]

更确切地说，这是Docker官方映像文档中建议的方法 python ，§。 如何使用此图像

To be more precise, this is the approach suggested in the documentation of the Docker official image python, §. How to use this image

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