使用xml.etree.ElementTree在任何嵌套深度进行通配符搜索 [英] Wildcard search at any nested depth using xml.etree.ElementTree

问题描述

我有一组XML文件，其中包含

I have a group of XML files which contain entries like

   <group name="XXX common string">

      <value val="12" description="a dozen">
         <text>one less than a baker's dozen</text>
      </value>

      <value val="13" description="a baker's dozen">
         <text>One more than a dozen</text>
      </value>

   </group>

   <group name="YYY common string">

      <value val="42" description="the answer">
         <text>What do you get if you multiple 6 by 9?</text>
      </value>

   </group>

有什么简单的方法，使用 import xml.etree.ElementTree作为ET 和

Is there any simple way, using import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET and

    parser = ET.XMLParser()
    parser.parser.UseForeignDTD(True)

    if (args.info) or (args.diagnostics):
        print('Parsing input file : ' + inputFileName)

    tree = ET.parse(inputFileName, parser=parser)
    root = tree.getroot()

搜索仅< group> 元素的名称包含特定值 val 的公用字符串？

to search for only <group> elements who#s name contains "common string" for a particular value val ?

重要：这些组嵌套在不同文件中的不同深度。

Important: these groups are nested at different depths in different files.

推荐答案

这有点困难，因为您自己的代码将不适用于您在问题中发布的
示例数据（例如，其中没有包含
字符串 error ，并且没有 id 属性，并且您的代码
似乎无法搜索特定的值 val ，似乎
是您的要求之一）。但是这里有一些想法...

This was a little difficult, because your own code won't work with the example data you posted in your question (e.g., nothing there contains the string error, and there are no id attributes, and your code doesn't appear to search for "a particular value val, which seemed to be one of your requirements). But here are a few ideas...

查找包含的所有组元素 name 属性中的通用字符串，您可以执行以下操作：

For finding all group elements that contain common string in the name attribute, you could do something like this:

>>> matching_groups = []
>>> for group in tree.xpath('//group[contains(@name, "common string")]'):
...   matching_groups.append[group]
...

鉴于您的样本数据将导致：

Which given your sample data would result in:

>>> print '\n'.join([etree.tostring(x) for x in matching_groups])
<group name="XXX common string">

      <value val="12" description="a dozen">
         <text>one less than a baker's dozen</text>
      </value>

      <value val="13" description="a baker's dozen">
         <text>One more than a dozen</text>
      </value>

   </group>


<group name="YYY common string">

      <value val="42" description="the answer">
         <text>What do you get if you multiple 6 by 9?</text>
      </value>

   </group>

如果您希望将结果限制为仅个组
包含 value 元素且属性为 val == 42 ，您可以尝试：

If you wanted to limit the results to only group elements that contain value element with attribute val == 42, you could try:

>>> matching_groups = []
>>> for group in tree.xpath('//group[contains(@name, "common string")][value/@val = "42"]'):
...     matching_groups.append(group)
... 

哪个会产生：

>>> print '\n'.join([etree.tostring(x) for x in matching_groups])
<group name="YYY common string">

      <value val="42" description="the answer">
         <text>What do you get if you multiple 6 by 9?</text>
      </value>

   </group>

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