Python-向字符串添加指定的宽度 [英] Python- Adding a specified width to strings

问题描述

我想向文件中写入一个字符串，但是我希望具有指定的长度，例如，在文本文件中，我要写入"Atom"，我希望它从1-6列开始具有指定的长度，以及下一个短语/单词，分别位于第7-11列，下一个13-16等，等等...我想写一个文本文件，说是random_text.txt，请帮忙.

I want to write a string to a file but I want to have a specified length, for example, in the text file, I want to write "Atom", I want it to have a specified length from column 1 - 6, and the next phrase/word, from column 7-11, next from 13-16, and etc... I would want to write to a text file say, random_text.txt, please help.

谢谢！

基本上，为什么我需要它:

Basically, why I need it:

Column 1-6 Record Name
Column 7-11 Serial Number
Column 13-16 ATOM name/Type
Column 17 Alternate Location Indicator
Column 18-20 Residue Name
Column 22 Chainidentifier 
Column 23-26 Residue sequence number
Column 27 Code for insertion fo residues
Column 31-38 X-value
Column 39-46 Y-value
Column 47-54 Z-Value
Column 55-60 Occupency
Column 61-66 Temperature (Default 0.0)
Column 73-76 Segment identifier
Column 77-78 Element Symbol
Column 79-80 Charge on atom

推荐答案

在Python2.6或更高版本中，您可以使用

In Python2.6 or later, you could use the str.format method:

with open('random_text.txt', 'w') as f:
    f.write('{0:6}{1:6}{2:4}'.format('Atom','word','next'))

产生包含内容的文件random_text.txt

Atom  word  next

冒号后面的数字表示宽度.例如，{0:6}将第0个参数'Atom'格式化为宽度为6的字符串.使用格式{0:>6}可以对字符串进行右对齐"，并且有

The number following the colon indicate the width. For example, {0:6} formats the 0-th argument, 'Atom', into a string with a width of 6. The string could be "right-justified" by using the format {0:>6}, and there are other options as well.

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