自定义RichTextBox控件字距调整问题 [英] Custom richtextbox control kerning issues

问题描述

好的，所以我已经做了一段时间了，现在我正在计划文本渲染部分.

Okay, so I have been working on something for a little while and I have gotten to the point where I am planning the Text rendering part.

我已经可以通过两种方式绘制文本字符串； DrawString和TextRenderer.DrawText.我更喜欢DrawText，因为使用TextRenderer.Measure文本时，测量文本更准确.

I can already draw strings of text in two ways; DrawString and TextRenderer.DrawText. I prefer DrawText since measuring text is more accurate when using TextRenderer.Measure text.

我有一堂课:

public class Character 
{
public string character {get; set; } 
public Font font {get; set; }
public Point position {get; set; }
} 

以及所有按下的字符的列表:

And a list of all characters pressed:

public List<Character> chars = new List<Character>();

现在我的问题是，我需要能够在运行时为任何给定的选定字符或单词设置不同的字体和颜色，粗体或斜体.因此，我不能只画整个字符串，因为那样我就无法为用户选择更改的每个字符设置单独的字体设置.

Now my problem is that I need to be able to set a different font and color and boldness or italicization to any given selected characters or words at runtime. So I can't just draw a whole string because then there'd be no way for me to set individual font settings for each character the user has selected to change.

因此，我需要能够为每个字符存储不同的字体样式信息，然后将它们全部添加到列表中，这样我就可以仔细检查每个字符并按应绘制的方式绘制每个字符(即每个字符都有自己的字符样式等).

So I need to be able to store different font style info for each character and then add them all to a list so I can kinda go through each one and draw each one as it should be drawn (I. E. each char having its own style etc).

此解决方案对我来说效果很好.而且由于几个月来我一直找不到任何有关此的信息，所以我完全被困住了.

This solution works fine for me. And since I've not been able to find any info about this anywhere for months, I'm totally stuck.

我的主要问题是，因为我要逐个绘制字符，所以我不知道每个字符与先前绘制的字符(字距)应该相距多远.

My main problem is that because I am drawing char by char, I have no idea how far apart each character should be from the previously drawn character (kerning).

对于输入(文本框)控件，我们如何自定义绘制文本并允许用户将一个单词的一部分设置为蓝色，而将另一半的单词设置为不同的大小，颜色和样式，例如，坚持正确的字距调整设置?

For input (text box) controls, how can we custom draw text and allow the user to make a part of a word blue, and the other half of the word a different size and color and style, for example, while still adhering to proper kerning settings?

我们如何知道在哪里绘制每个字符?

How do we know where to draw each character?

人们已经说过要保持立即重新启动整个字符串.但这并不能解决我最初的问题.我需要能够一一绘制每个字符，以便保存有关它的字体信息.

People have said just keep restarting the whole string at once. But that doesn't solve my initial problem. I need to be able to draw each char one by one so I can save font info about it.

推荐答案

紧缩和字符间距是不同的，如果您想完全控制代码的输出，您可能需要同时实现.

Kerning and Character Spacing are different and if you want to have complete control over what your code prints you may need to implement both.

我们先来看一个示例输出:

Let's look at an example output first :

图像一显示直接输出，其字符间距为1像素，没有字距调整.

Image one shows direct output with an extra character spacing of 1 pixel, no kerning.

第二张图片已应用了一些字距调整，但仅适用于三个字距调整对.

Image two has some kerning applied, but only for three kerning pairs.

我也试图通过绘制字符式文本测量结果来使事情更清楚.此外，还有一个平铺的1像素栅格作为面板BackgroundImage. (为了更好看，您可能需要下载png文件！)

I have tried to make things clearer by also drawing the result of the characterwise text measurements. Also there is a tiled 1 pixel raster as the panel BackgroundImage. (To see it better you may want to download the png files!)

private void panel2_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
{
   string fullText = "Text;1/2' LTA";
   StringFormat strgfmt = StringFormat.GenericTypographic;
   Font font = new Font("Times", 60f, FontStyle.Regular);
   float x = 0f;
   using (SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(127, 0, 127, 127)))
   {
        for (int i = 0; i < fullText.Length; i++)
        {
            string text = fullText.Substring(i, 1);
            SizeF sf = e.Graphics.MeasureString(text, font, 9999, strgfmt );
            e.Graphics.FillRectangle(brush, new RectangleF(new PointF(x, 0f), sf));
            e.Graphics.DrawString(text, font, Brushes.Black, x, 0, strgfmt );
            x += sf.Width + 1;  // character spacing = +1

            //if (i < fullText.Length - 1) doKerning(fullText.Substring(i, 2), ref x);
        }
   }
}

void doKerning(string c12, ref float x)
{
    if (smallKerningTable.ContainsKey(c12)) x -= smallKerningTable[c12];
}

Dictionary<string, float> smallKerningTable = new Dictionary<string, float>();

void initKerningTable()
{
    smallKerningTable.Add("Te", 7f);
    smallKerningTable.Add("LT", 8f);
    smallKerningTable.Add("TA", 11f);
    //..
}

这是创建背景的方式:

public Form1()
{
   InitializeComponent(); 
   Bitmap bmpCheck2 = new Bitmap(2, 2);   
   bmpCheck2.SetPixel(0, 0, Color.FromArgb(127, 127, 127, 0));
   panel2.BackgroundImage = bmpCheck2;
   panel2.BackgroundImageLayout = ImageLayout.Tile;
   //..
 }

如果要使用字距调整，则需要构建更长的字距调整表.

If you want to use kerning you will need to build a much longer kerning table.

在现实生活中，排版人员和字体设计师会手动执行此操作，仔细查看字形，调整字距调整，直到看起来真好.

In real life typographers and font designers do that manually, looking hard at the glyphs, tweaking the kerning until it looks real good.

那是相当昂贵的，但仍然不能涵盖字体混合.

That is rather expensive and still doesn't cover font mixes.

所以您可能想要

• 根本不使用字距调整. 确保同时使用 StringFormat.GenericTypographic 选项进行测量和绘制弦！
• 为某些特别有问题的字符创建一个小的字距表，例如"L"，"T"，"W"，"V"和"A".
• 编写代码为您需要的所有对创建完整的字距表..
• 所有对

• not use kerning after all. Make sure to use the StringFormat.GenericTypographic option both for measuring and for drawing the strings!
• create a small kerning table for some of the especially problematic characters, like 'L', 'T', 'W', "V' and 'A'..
• write code to create a full kerning table for all pairs you need or..
• for all pairs

要编写代码以创建字距表，您将:

To write code to create a kerning table you would:

• 为每个字符创建一个位图
• 遍历所有对，并且
• 向左移动第二个位图，直到某些非透明/黑色像素发生碰撞.
• 移动的距离不应超过宽度的一半，否则，距离应重置为0，因为某些字符对根本不会发生冲突并且不应有任何字距调整，例如:'^ _'或'.-'

如果要混合字体和/或FontStyles，则字距调整表的关键字必须扩展为包括字符具有的两种相应字体和样式的某些ID.

If you want to mix fonts and /or FontStyles the key to the kerning table would have to be expanded to include some ID of the two respective fonts&styles the characters have..

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