递归地忽略特定目录中的所有文件(.json文件除外) [英] Recursively ignore all files inside a specific directory except .json files

问题描述

我的文件结构类似于以下文件:

I have a file structure similar to the one below:

foo/bar.foo
node_modules/foo/bar.json
node_modules/foo/bar/foo.bar

我想做的是忽略node_modules文件夹内除json文件之外的所有文件，以便在存储库中得到以下文件结构:

What I want to do is ignore all the files inside the node_modules folder except the json files so that I end up with the following file structure in my repo:

foo/bar.foo
node_modules/foo/bar.json

我试图找到一种简单的方法来做到这一点，但我还没有到那儿.

I tried to find a simple way to do that but I'm not quite there yet.

这是我在.gitignore中提出的内容:

Here's what I came up with in my .gitignore:

# ignore everything inside node_modules
node_modules/*

# But descend into directories
!node_modules/**/*.json

达到期望结果的最优雅的方法是什么?

What's the most elegant way to achieve the desired result?

P.S.我不知道我在做什么.

P.S. I have no idea what I'm doing.

推荐答案

好，所以我终于找到了解决方案.这就是窍门:

Ok so I finally found a solution. Here's what did the trick:

# Ignore all the files inside the node_modules folder
node_modules/**/*.*

# Allow only json files inside the node_modules folder
!node_modules/**/*.json

问题在于通过执行node_modules/*，它不仅会忽略文件，还会忽略文件夹.

The issue was that by doing node_modules/*, it would not just ignore files but also folders.

正如git doc所说:

And as the git doc says:

如果文件的父目录不能重新包含该文件 文件被排除.

It is not possible to re-include a file if a parent directory of that file is excluded.

因此，我做了node_modules/**/*.*，它仅排除文件，而不包括文件夹.

So instead I did node_modules/**/*.* which only exclude files and not folders.

这样，!node_modules/**/*.json实际上可以将json文件列入白名单.

That way, !node_modules/**/*.json is actually able to white list the json files.

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