Go中接口的用法 [英] Usage of interface in Go

问题描述

我想用一个简单示例了解它在Go(语言)中的使用.

I would like to understand the interface type with a simple example of it's use in Go (Language).

我阅读了网络文档，但没有理解.

I read the web documentation, but I don't get it.

推荐答案

go接口背后的想法是鸭子输入.简而言之就是:如果您看起来像鸭子，而嘎嘎像鸭子，那么您就是鸭子.这意味着，如果您的对象实现了鸭子的所有功能，那么将其用作鸭子就不会有问题.这是一个示例:

The idea behind go interfaces is duck typing. Which simply translates into: If you look like a duck and quack like a duck then you are a duck. Meaning that if your object implements all duck's features then there should be no problem using it as a duck. Here is an example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

type Walker interface {
    Walk() string
}

type Human string
type Dog string

func (human Human) Walk() string { //A human is a walker
    return "I'm a man and I walked!"
}

func (dog Dog) Walk() string { //A dog is a walker
    return "I'm a dog and I walked!"
}

//Make a walker walk
func MakeWalk(w Walker) {
    fmt.Println(w.Walk())
}

func main() {
    var human Human
    var dog Dog
    MakeWalk(human)
    MakeWalk(dog)
}

此处，Human是Walker，Dog是Walker.为什么?因为他们俩都很好.Walk.它们都实现Walk () string函数.因此，这就是为什么您可以在它们上执行MakeWalk的原因.

Here a Human is a Walker and a Dog is a Walker. Why? Because they both.. well... Walk. They both implement the Walk () string function. So this is why you can execute MakeWalk on them.

当您希望不同类型以相同方式运行时，这将非常有用.一个实际的例子是文件类型对象(套接字，文件对象)-您需要对所有这些对象都具有Write和Read函数.然后，您可以独立于其类型使用相同的写入和读取方式-很酷.

This is very helpful when you want different types to behave in the same manner. A practical example would be file type objects (sockets, file objects) - you need a Write and a Read function on all of them. Then you can use Write and Read in the same fashion independent of their type - which is cool.

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