为什么在C#和PowerShell中以完全相同的代码加密HMAC-SHA1会显示不同的结果? [英] Why does encrypting HMAC-SHA1 in exactly the same code in C# and PowerShell show different results?

问题描述

我一直在尝试使用以下代码在PowerShell中使用HMAC-SHA1对类似于Amazon S3的授权密钥进行加密:

I've been trying to encrypt a Amazon S3-like authorization key with HMAC-SHA1 in PowerShell with the following code:

$str="PUT\n\napplication/x-zip-compressed\nThu, 09 Feb 2017 08:59:43 GMT\n/test-bucket/test-key"
$secret="c334da95a6734ff4a04abd99efca450f"
$sha = [System.Security.Cryptography.KeyedHashAlgorithm]::Create("HMACSHA1")
$sha.Key = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.Getbytes($secret)
$sign = [Convert]::Tobase64String($sha.ComputeHash([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.Getbytes(${str})))
echo $sign

此代码输出NcJQ1MapHbyRwC2FzvABYyte5uY=，根据我们的服务提供商的建议，这是不正确的.

This code outputs NcJQ1MapHbyRwC2FzvABYyte5uY=, which is incorrect according to our service provider's suggestion.

然后我尝试在C#代码中使用完全相同的类:

Then I tried to use exactly the same classes in C# code:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var str = "PUT\n\napplication/x-zip-compressed\nThu, 09 Feb 2017 08:59:43 GMT\n/test-bucket/test-key";
    var secret = "c334da95a6734ff4a04abd99efca450f";

    var sha = System.Security.Cryptography.KeyedHashAlgorithm.Create("HMACSHA1");
    sha.Key = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(secret);
    Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToBase64String(sha.ComputeHash(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str)))); //1S+/P9zgcCCyjwUK1bPKaKeya7A=
    Console.Read();
}

奇怪的是，这次，结果是正确的:1S+/P9zgcCCyjwUK1bPKaKeya7A=

Oddly enough, this time, the result is correct: 1S+/P9zgcCCyjwUK1bPKaKeya7A=

我还尝试了Python，它为C#代码辩护.即使输入，类和方法与C#代码中调用的输入，类和方法完全相同，为什么PowerShell仍然会给出错误的答案?

I also tried Python, and it vindicated the C# code. Why did PowerShell run into an incorrect answer even though the inputs, classes and the methods are exactly the same with those which are called in C# code?

推荐答案

这是因为PowerShell中的转义字符是`，而C#中的转义字符是\.

It's because the escape character in PowerShell is ` while the one in C# is \.

$str = "PUT`n`napplication/x-zip-compressed`nThu, 09 Feb 2017 08:59:43 GMT`n/test-bucket/test-key"

应该产生预期的结果.

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