用于比较(_mm_cmpeq_ps)和分配操作的SSE内在函数 [英] SSE intrinsics for comparison (_mm_cmpeq_ps) and assignment operation

问题描述

我已经开始使用SSE优化代码.本质上，它是一个光线跟踪器，通过将坐标存储在__m128数据类型x，y，z(四根射线的坐标按轴分组)中，一次处理四根射线.但是我有一个分支语句，可以防止被零除，但我似乎无法转换为SSE.依次为:

I have started optimising my code using SSE. Essentially it is a ray tracer that processes 4 rays at a time by storing the coordinates in __m128 data types x, y, z (the coordinates for the four rays are grouped by axis). However I have a branched statement which protects against divide by zero I can't seem to convert to SSE. In serial this is:

const float d = wZ == -1.0f ? 1.0f/( 1.0f-wZ) : 1.0f/(1.0f+wZ);

其中wZ是z坐标，并且需要对所有四条光线进行此计算.

Where wZ is the z-coordinate and this calculation needs to be done for all four rays.

如何将其转换为SSE?

How could I translate this into SSE?

我一直在尝试使用SSE相等比较，如下所示(现在wz属于__m128数据类型，其中包含四条射线中每条射线的z值):

I have been experimenting using the SSE equals comparison as follows (now wz pertains to a __m128 data type containing the z values for each of the four rays):

_mm_cmpeq_ps(_mm_set1_ps(-1.0f) , wZ )

然后用它来确定wZ [x] = -1.0的情况，取这种情况的绝对值，然后照常继续计算.

And then using this to identify cases where wZ[x] = -1.0, taking the absolute value of this case and then continue the calculation as normal.

但是我在这项工作中没有取得太大的成就.

However I have not had much success in this endeavour.

推荐答案

这是一个相当简单的解决方案，它仅使用SSE即可实现标量代码，而无需进一步优化.它可能可以变得更有效率，例如通过利用wZ = -1.0时结果将为0.5的事实，或者甚至通过不考虑除法然后在事实之后将INF s转换为0.5的事实.

Here's a fairly straightforward solution which just implements the scalar code with SSE without any further optimisation. It can probably be made a little more efficient, e.g. by exploiting the fact that the result will be 0.5 when wZ = -1.0, or perhaps even by just doing the division regardless and then converting the INFs to 0.5 after the fact.

对于SSE4和pre-SSE4，我已经达到#ifdef d，因为SSE4具有混合"指令，这可能比屏蔽和选择值所需要的三个pre-SSE4指令效率更高. /p>

I've #ifdefd for SSE4 versus pre-SSE4, since SSE4 has a "blend" instruction which may be a little more efficient that the three pre-SSE4 instructions that are otherwise needed to mask and select values.

#include <emmintrin.h>
#ifdef __SSE4_1__
#include <smmintrin.h>
#endif

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
    const __m128 vk1 = _mm_set1_ps(1.0f);       // useful constants
    const __m128 vk0 = _mm_set1_ps(0.0f);

    __m128 wZ, d, d0, d1, vcmp;
#ifndef __SSE4_1__  // pre-SSE4 implementation
    __m128 d0_masked, d1_masked;
#endif

    wZ = _mm_set_ps(-1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 2.0f);   // test inputs

    d0 = _mm_add_ps(vk1, wZ);                   // d0 = 1.0 - wZ
    d1 = _mm_sub_ps(vk1, wZ);                   // d1 = 1.0 + wZ
    vcmp = _mm_cmpneq_ps(d1, vk0);              // test for d1 != 0.0, i.e. wZ != -1.0
#ifdef __SSE4_1__   // SSE4 implementation
    d = _mm_blendv_ps(d0, d1, vcmp);
#else               // pre-SSE4 implementation
    d0_masked = _mm_andnot_ps(vcmp, d0);
    d1_masked = _mm_and_ps(vcmp, d1);
    d = _mm_or_ps(d0_masked, d1_masked);       // d = wZ == -1.0 ? 1.0 / (1.0 - wZ) : 1.0 / (1.0 + wZ)
#endif
   d = _mm_div_ps(vk1, d);

   printf("wZ = %vf\n", wZ);
   printf("d = %vf\n", d);

   return 0;
}

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