如何找到IP地址范围 [英] How to find IP address range

问题描述

当我使用此命令扫描哪个IP地址时

When I use this command which IP addresed are scanned

# nmap -sP 192.168.0.120/25

CAn，当我有地址和子网时，请帮助我如何获取IP范围.因为我试图理解这一点，但是到目前为止还没有结果..谢谢您

CAn you please help me how to get the IP range when I have the addres and subnet. Because I am trying to understand this, but no result till now..Thanks in advance

推荐答案

您命令中的网络位于 CIDR 表示法.第一部分(在/之前)定义哪个网络，第二部分定义设置多少个网络掩码. IPv4地址为4字节，即32位信息. /25表示此地址的25位用于表示网络，而32 - 25 = 7位则留给网络上的主机地址. /25网络可以容纳2^7 = 128主机，减去网络和广播地址.要获取网络地址(地址块的开头)，请按地址取给定的地址，并用2^32 - 2^7进行分配.在这种情况下(使用Python):

The network in your command is in CIDR notation. The first part (before the /) defines which network, and the second part defines how many bits of netmask are set. An IPv4 address is 4 bytes, or 32 bits of information. /25 means that 25 bits of this address are used to denote the network, and 32 - 25 = 7 bits are left to address hosts on the network. A /25 network can hold 2^7 = 128 hosts, less the network and broadcast addresses. To get the network address (the start of your block of addresses), you take the address given and bitwise-and it with 2^32 - 2^7. In this case (using Python):

>>> # Get the integer value of the address
>>> import struct
>>> ip = struct.unpack(">I", struct.pack("4B", 192, 168, 0, 120))[0]
>>> bin(ip)
'0b11000000101010000000000001111000'
>>> # Bitwise-and with the netmask
>>> net = ip & (2**32 - 2**7)
>>> bin(net)
'0b11000000101010000000000000000000'
>>> # Convert back to dotted-decimal
>>> struct.unpack("4B", struct.pack(">I", net))
(192, 168, 0, 0)

因此，网络地址为192.168.0.0，您有128个地址，因此您的目标范围是192.168.0.0-192.168.0.127.

So the network address is 192.168.0.0, and you have 128 addresses, so your target range is 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.0.127.

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