辅助功能-提供在互动部分之间轻松导航的机制 [英] Accessibility - provide mechanism for easy navigation between interactive sections
问题描述
我们有一个基于Web的应用程序，它为桌面用户提供了并行体验，其中屏幕的左侧是文件浏览器和编辑器，屏幕的右侧是交互式预览.我们应用程序的用户将在左侧进行恒定且迭代的更改，然后在右侧与预览进行交互，从而快速连续地来回切换多次.
We have a web-based app which uses a side-by-side experience for desktop users where the left side of the screen is a file browser and editor and the right side of the screen is an interactive preview. Users of our app will make constant and iterative changes on the left and and then interact with the preview on the right, switching back and forth many times in quick succession.
是否有最佳做法"?允许在这两个交互区域之间快速便捷地导航?我知道这可能属于意见"类别，但我认为可访问性是一个被忽略的话题，它有助于拥有尽可能多的资源.
Is there a "best practice" for allowing quick and easy navigation between these two interactive areas? I know this might fall under the "opinion" category, but I feel that accessibility is such an overlooked topic that it helps to have as many resources as possible.
推荐答案
您可以使用一些工具.
标题是烘烤某些超级简单的节中最简单的方法之一.屏幕阅读器用户将使用键1到6来按标题级别进行导航，因此，如果两个面板都是<h2>(例如)，他们可以简单地使用标题来循环定位.
Headings are one of the easiest ways to bake in some super simple section switching. Screen reader users will use the keys 1 through 6 to navigate by heading levels so if both of your panels are <h2>s (for example) they can simply cycle location using headings.
您可以设置键盘快捷键.
You can set keyboard shortcut keys.
但是，您永远不应孤立地执行此操作.这是指如果您说切换窗口是 Alt + 0 ，那么您必须，允许用户能够将这些按键绑定更改为其首选项.
However you should never do this in isolation. By this I mean if you say that switching window is say Alt + 0 you must allow users to be able to change these key bindings to their preferences.
这是为了使您的快捷键不会干扰其屏幕阅读器键(因为它们可能已设置了自定义键盘快捷键).
This is so your shortcut keys don't interfere with their screen reader keys (as they may have set custom keyboard shortcuts).
please note: as pointed out in the comments this is not a WCAG requirement for key combinations (which is only for single keys) but is a usability best practice and highly encouraged, especially as some screen reader users use a modifier key rather than a toggle key for screen reader navigation.
然后我们进入一个有趣的区域，我想通过说单手用户将如何使用您的页面?"进行说明.
Then we get into an interesting area which I like to illustrate by saying "how would a one handed user use your page?".
此示例使您意识到，还可以考虑使用某种粘性按键解决方案，其中可以在任何时间间隔内使用一系列按键完成按键组合(因为您可能会使用视线技术或开关使任何人都没有手感)例如，您不想施加时间限制.)
This example makes you realise that some sort of sticky keys solution may also be considered where key combinations can be done with a sequence of keys, any time apart (as you may have someone with NO HANDS using eye gaze technology or a switch for example so you don't want to impose a time limit.)
上面显然是极端的例子，但是您可能需要考虑的事情(实际上，任何使用视线的人都可以在视觉上切换面板等)
Obviously the above are extreme examples but things you may want to consider (and in reality anyone using eye gaze would be able to visually switch panels etc.)
能够通过语音(例如，Dragon Naturally Speaking)切换面板也是必不可少的.
Being able to switch panels via voice (for example Dragon Naturally Speaking) is also essential.
现在，您可以使用语音软件进行按键组合，以解决大多数问题，但这些问题可能会令人讨厌和烦恼.
Now you can do key combinations with voice software so that fixes most issues but they can be annoying and fiddly.
在大多数语音软件中可以快速使用的一件事是单击页面上具有唯一名称的任何按钮.
One thing that is quick to use on most voice software is clicking any button on a page with a unique name.
每个面板上方都有一个可以激活它的按钮，这对语音用户来说是有益的.
As such having a button above each panel that activates it would be beneficial to voice users.
假设这些按钮具有唯一的名称，我可以简单地说出单击激活面板2". (其中激活面板2"是按钮名称)并立即进行切换.
Assuming these buttons have unique names I could simply say "click activate panel 2" (where "activate panel 2" is the button name) and switch immediately.
请记住，切换面板时，默认情况下每次都会从顶部开始.
Bear in mind that when you switch panels you will by default start at the top each time.
这可能正是您想要的，但更可能是糟糕的用户体验.
This may be exactly what you want but more than likely this would be a terrible user experience.
相反，您可能想记住以前的焦点位置.然后，如果我使用键盘快捷键，它将跳回到面板中的相同位置.如果我使用语音/按钮，请再次单击以更改位置.
Instead you may want to remember the previous focus location. Then if I use the keyboard shortcut it would jump back to the same location in the panel. If I use the voice / button click to change location same again.
但是，如果有人使用标题导航，显然是行不通的.然后，您可以在标题为从先前位置恢复"的标题后直接给他们一个按钮.修复此问题并使用它来管理焦点.
However if someone uses headings to navigate this obviously wouldn't work. You could then give them a button directly after the heading that says "resume from previous location" to fix this and use that to manage focus.
如您所见，很多需求不同或需求不同的人可能会遇到很多需求.
As you can see there are loads of things that different people with different requirements may or may not need.
因此，默认情况下添加所有功能可能会使该应用程序对大多数用户的使用更糟.
As such adding all of the features by default would probably make the application worse to use for majority of users.
取而代之的是设置屏幕，使用户可以打开对他们有利的功能，设置自己的快捷键，打开或关闭粘滞键，确定是否要您(或不希望)管理焦点等.
Instead have a settings screen that lets a user turn on features that benefit them, set their own shortcut keys, turn on or off sticky keys, decide if they want you to manage focus for them (or not) etc.
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