在Python中随时间变化的线图动画 [英] Animating a line plot over time in Python

问题描述

时间序列数据是随时间变化的数据.我正在尝试为python中的时间序列数据的线图制作动画.在下面的代码中，这表示将 xtraj 绘制为x，将 trange 绘制为x.情节似乎并没有奏效.

我在堆栈溢出中发现了类似的问题，但是这里提供的解决方案似乎都不起作用.一些类似的问题是

Time series data is data over time. I am trying to animate a line plot of time series data in python. In my code below this translates to plotting xtraj as they and trange as the x. The plot does not seem to be working though.

I have found similar questions on Stack overflow but none of the solutions provided here seem to work. Some similar questions are matplotlib animated line plot stays empty, Matplotlib FuncAnimation not animating line plot and a tutorial referencing the help file Animations with Matplotlib.

I begin by creating the data with the first part and simulating it with the second. I tried renaming the data that would be used as y-values and x-values in order to make it easier to read.

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import animation


dt = 0.01
tfinal = 5.0
x0 = 0


sqrtdt = np.sqrt(dt)
n = int(tfinal/dt)
xtraj = np.zeros(n+1, float)
trange = np.linspace(start=0,stop=tfinal ,num=n+1) 
xtraj[0] = x0

for i in range(n):
    xtraj[i+1] = xtraj[i] + np.random.normal() 

x = trange
y = xtraj

# animation line plot example

fig = plt.figure(4)
ax = plt.axes(xlim=(-5, 5), ylim=(0, 5))
line, = ax.plot([], [], lw=2)

def init():
    line.set_data([], [])
    return line,

def animate(i):
    line.set_data(x[:i], y[:i])
    return line,

anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, init_func=init, frames=len(x)+1,interval=200, blit=False)
plt.show()

Any help would be highly appreciated. I am new to working in Python and particularly trying to animate plots. So I must apologize if this question is trivial.

Summary

So to summarize my question how does one animate time series in Python, iterating over the time steps (x-values).

解决方案

Check this code:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import animation

dt = 0.01
tfinal = 1
x0 = 0

sqrtdt = np.sqrt(dt)
n = int(tfinal/dt)
xtraj = np.zeros(n+1, float)
trange = np.linspace(start=0,stop=tfinal ,num=n+1)
xtraj[0] = x0

for i in range(n):
    xtraj[i+1] = xtraj[i] + np.random.normal()

x = trange
y = xtraj

# animation line plot example

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize = (6, 6))

def animate(i):
    ax.cla() # clear the previous image
    ax.plot(x[:i], y[:i]) # plot the line
    ax.set_xlim([x0, tfinal]) # fix the x axis
    ax.set_ylim([1.1*np.min(y), 1.1*np.max(y)]) # fix the y axis

anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, frames = len(x) + 1, interval = 1, blit = False)
plt.show()

The code above reproduces this animation:

这篇关于在Python中随时间变化的线图动画的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！