AWK:第n次出现分隔符时分割文件，第一个分割文件错误 [英] Awk: Splitting file on nth occurence of delimiter, wrong first split file

问题描述

我想在每n次出现>"时分割一个文本文件，如下面粘贴的文本文件(很抱歉，长度不足).例如，每第二次出现>"，但我需要能够更改该数字.

I want to split a text file like the one pasted below (sorry for the length), on every n occurence of ">". For example, every 2nd occurrence of ">", but I need to able able to change that number.

test_split.txt:

test_split.txt:

>eeefkdfn
a
a
a
>c 4ufjdhf
b
b
b
b
>
c
c
> c
d
d
d
d
d
>3
>cr
>c3
e
e
e
e
e
> 5
f
f
f
f
>cr
g
g
g
g
> cr dkjfddf
h
h
h
h

所以我想要这些输出文件(仅显示前两个):

So I want to have output files this these (only showing the first two):

file_1.txt:

file_1.txt:

>eeefkdfn
a
a
a
>c 4ufjdhf
b
b
b
b

file_2.txt:

file_2.txt:

>
c
c
> c
d
d
d
d
d

等

问题:

我一直在尝试使用以下awk命令达到该结果:

I have been trying to achieve that result using this awk command:

awk '/^>/ {n++} { file = sprintf("file_%s.txt", int(n/2)); print >> file; }' < test_split.txt

除了第一个文件，它只包含一个出现的>"(而不是两个)，而不是期望的结果，我得到的是正确的输出(拆分)文件，如下所示:

And instead of the desired result, I am getting correct output (split) files, except for the first one, which only contains one occurence of ">" (instead of two), like this:

cat test_0.txt

cat test_0.txt

>eeefkdfn
a
a
a

cat test_1.txt

cat test_1.txt

>chr1 4ufjdhf
b
b
b
b
>
c
c

有人知道为什么吗?谢谢！

Any idea why that is? Thank you!

推荐答案

这似乎更简单:

awk 'BEGIN{i=1}/^>/{cont++}cont==3{i++;cont=1}{print > "file_"i".txt"} file

将为您提供预期的结果:

Will gives you the expected result:

$ cat file_1.txt
>eeefkdfn
a
a
a
>c 4ufjdhf
b
b
b
b

$ cat file_2.txt
>
c
c
> c
d
d
d
d
d

说明

BEGIN {i = 1} :文件计数器初始化.

BEGIN{i=1}: File counter initialization.

/^>/{cont ++} :计算找到的每个> .

cont == 3 {i ++; cont = 1} :增加文件计数器并在第三个出现的> char的第三个出现时初始化cont var再次.

cont==3{i++;cont=1}: To increase the file counter and initialize the cont var every third appearance of the > char which becomes first again.

{print>"file_" i".txt"} :将输出定向到期望的文件.

{print > "file_"i".txt"}: Direct the output to the expected file.

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