替换多个模式，但不能用相同的字符串 [英] Replace multiple patterns, but not with the same string

问题描述

是否可以在同一命令中将乘法模式更改为不同的值?可以说我有

is it possible to change multiply patterns to different values at the same command? lets say I have

A B C D ABC

我想将每个A更改为1，将每个B更改为2，将每个C更改为3

and I want to change every A to 1 every B to 2 and every C to 3

所以输出将是

1 2 3 D 123

由于我要更改3种模式，因此我希望避免单独替换它们.我以为会有

since I have 3 patterns to change I would like to avoid substitute them separately. I thought there would be something like

sed -r s/'(A|B|C)'/(1|2|3)/ 

但是当然这只是将A或B或C替换为(1 | 2 | 3).我只想提一下，我的真实模式比这还要复杂...

but of course this just replace A or B or C to (1|2|3). I should just mention that my real patterns are more complicated than that...

谢谢！

推荐答案

在Perl中很简单:

perl -pe '%h = (A => 1, B => 2, C => 3); s/(A|B|C)/$h{$1}/g'

如果使用更复杂的模式，则在替代列表中将更具体的模式放在更一般的模式之前.按长度排序可能就足够了:

If you use more complex patterns, put the more specific ones before the more general ones in the alternative list. Sorting by length might be enough:

perl -pe 'BEGIN { %h = (A => 1, AA => 2, AAA => 3);
              $re = join "|", sort { length $b <=> length $a } keys %h; }
          s/($re)/$h{$1}/g'

要添加单词或行边界，只需将模式更改为

To add word or line boundaries, just change the pattern to

/\b($re)\b/
# or
/^($re)$/
# resp.

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