如何自动获取xdotool的窗口ID [英] how do you get window ID for xdotool automatically
问题描述
我正在尝试自动化测试硒会花费太长时间的表单(JavaScript繁重的现代表单)，并且我想使用xdotool并获取窗口ID.我看到您可以调用 xdotool selectwindow 并单击它，但是每次都必须单击它.我想告诉它对于选项卡标题为x的谷歌浏览器chrome窗口，请执行y"
I am trying to automate testing forms that selenium would take too long (javascript heavy modern forms), and I want to use xdotool and get window IDs. I see you can call xdotool selectwindow and click it, but then you have to click it each time. I want to tell it "for google chrome windows where the tab title is x, do y"
我在这里获得了窗口ID:
I got the window ID here:
cchilders@cchilders-Dell-Precision-M3800:~$ xdotool selectwindow
65011713
这是针对chrome本身的，单击时每个选项卡都具有相同的值.所以我希望在ps或窗口管理器中找到它，但是没有:
This is for chrome itself, each tab gets the same value when clicked. So I expected to find that in ps or a window manager, but no:
cchilders@cchilders-Dell-Precision-M3800:~$ wmctrl -l
0x03a00001 0 cchilders-Dell-Precision-M3800 views.py - /home/cchilders/work_projects - Atom
0x03a00048 0 cchilders-Dell-Precision-M3800 pip_freeze_update.py - /home/cchilders/scripts - Atom
0x03a000bc 0 cchilders-Dell-Precision-M3800 urls.py - /home/cchilders/work_projects - Atom
ps也不起作用:
(clientsite)cchilders@cchilders-Dell-Precision-M3800:~$ ps -alx
F UID PID PPID PRI NI VSZ RSS WCHAN STAT TTY TIME COMMAND
4 0 1 0 20 0 185188 5752 ep_pol Ss ? 0:06 /sbin/init splash
1 0 2 0 20 0 0 0 kthrea S ? 0:00 [kthreadd]
1 0 3 2 20 0 0 0 smpboo S ? 0:02 [ksoftirqd/0]
1 0 5 2 0 -20 0 0 worker S< ? 0:00 [kworker/0:0H]
1 0 7 2 20 0 0 0 rcu_gp S ? 1:10 [rcu_sched]
1 0 8 2 20 0 0 0 rcu_gp S ? 0:00 [rcu_bh]
...etc...
65011713没出现.Xdotool是一个很棒的工具，但是窗口操作希望您对窗口有很多了解，而根据我以前使用它的经验，请参阅
nowhere does 65011713 show up. Xdotool is a great tool, but the window manipulation expects you to know a lot about the windows, and from what I remember of using it before, the WINDOW COMMANDS section of https://www.semicomplete.com/projects/xdotool/xdotool.xhtml#window_commands has a lot of ways to find a window you know a lot about, but not much in the way of automating getting that window info. How can I determine the window ID (the format xdotool wants) automatically, say by feeding a script the beginning portion of a URL? Thank you
您可以在wmtrl中查找Google Chrome:
You can look for Google Chrome in the wmtrl:
(scripts)cchilders@cchilders-Dell-Precision-M3800:~/scripts/bash$ wmctrl -l
0x03e00001 0 cchilders-Dell-Precision-M3800 Edit - Stack Overflow - Google Chrome
...
并抓取第一个数字，并用空格分隔为int:
and grab the first number separated by space to int:
In [13]: int("0x03e00001", 16)
Out[13]: 65011713
int中的16标志告诉它期望十六进制
The 16 flag in int tells it expect hexadecimal
In [14]: int("0x03e00001")
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-14-96517b980767> in <module>()
----> 1 int("0x03e00001")
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '0x03e00001'
推荐答案
您可以使用 awk 从 wmctrl -l </code>的输出中提取ID.
You can use awk to extract the ID from the output of wmctrl -l.
例如:
wmctrl -l | awk '/Google Chrome/ {print $1}'
xdotool 可能会认为十六进制ID很好，但如果不能，则可以使用 strtonum 将其转换为十进制表示形式:
xdotool will likely take that hex IDs just fine but if it can't you can convert that to the decimal representation with strtonum:
wmctrl -l | awk '/Google Chrome/ {print strtonum($1)}'
如何匹配恰好要从 awk 的输出中获得所需的窗口，取决于您和您的要求.
How you match just the window you want from the output in awk is up to you and your requirements.
可能值得注意的是， xdotool 似乎也有一个 search 命令，该命令带有各种说明符和模式，可用于获取Windows的窗口ID.您要对其进行操作.(它甚至支持一堆匹配项，它支持窗口ID"的特殊格式，可以直接对链接的命令"进行操作.)
It is probably worth noting that xdotool also appears to have a search command which takes all sorts of specifiers and patterns that you can use to get the window ID of windows you want to operate on. (It even supports a stack of matches that it supports a special format of "window ID" to operate on directly for "chained commands".)
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