在managed_shared_memory中具有字符串的unordered_map失败 [英] unordered_map with string in managed_shared_memory fails

问题描述

这是我的代码:

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
    typedef int KeyType;
    typedef string MappedType;

    typedef std::pair<KeyType, MappedType> ValueType;
    typedef boost::interprocess::allocator<ValueType, boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory::segment_manager> ShmAlloc;
    typedef boost::unordered_map<KeyType, MappedType, boost::hash<KeyType>, std::equal_to<KeyType>, ShmAlloc> ShmHashMap;

    boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory segment(boost::interprocess::open_or_create, "ContainerSharedMemory", 65536);

    if(argc == 2 && string(argv[1]) == "clear")
    {
        boost::interprocess::shared_memory_object::remove("ContainerSharedMemory");
        return 0;
    }

    ShmHashMap *hash_map = segment.find_or_construct<ShmHashMap>(boost::interprocess::unique_instance)(segment.get_segment_manager());

    if(hash_map == NULL)
    {
        cout << "find_or_construct error" << endl;
        return 0;
    }

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
        ShmHashMap::iterator iter = hash_map->find(i);
        if (iter == hash_map->end()) {
            hash_map->insert(ValueType(i, "test"));
        }
    }

    cout << "all..." << endl;
    for(ShmHashMap::iterator iter = hash_map->begin(); iter != hash_map->end(); ++iter)
    {
        cout << iter->first << "|" << iter->second << endl;
    }
    cout << "end..." << endl;

    return 0;
}

当 MappedType 为int时，一切正常，但是段错误显示以下代码:

Everything is ok when MappedType is int, but a segment fault whit this code like this:

重新运行该程序以访问共享内存中的哈希映射将转储

Rerun this program to access hash map in shared memory will coredump

----------------------------再次编辑----------------------------------

----------------------------edit again----------------------------------

有关字符串的问题已通过sehe解决，谢谢如果我设计模板类要隐藏该细节，该怎么办?如果有什么完美的方法

the problem about string is solved by sehe, thank you and if i design a template class want to hide that detail, how could i do? if there is some perfect way

template<typename MappedType>
struct ComplexMappedType
{
    ComplexMappedType(): t_access(0), t_expire(0) {}
    ComplexMappedType(const MappedType& v, uint32_t a, uint32_t e): value(v), t_access(a), t_expire(e) {}
    MappedType value;
     uint32_t t_access;
     uint32_t t_expire;
 };

 template <typename KeyType, typename MappedType>
 class MMSHashMap
 {
 private:
    typedef ComplexMappedType<MappedType> DataType;
    typedef std::pair<KeyType, DataType> ValueType;
    typedef boost::interprocess::allocator<ValueType, boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory::segment_manager> ShmAlloc;
    typedef boost::unordered_map<KeyType, DataType, boost::hash<KeyType>, std::equal_to<KeyType>, ShmAlloc> ShmHashMap;

public:
    MMSHashMap(const std::string& name, size_t size, float e_thr, float e_scale);
    ~MMSHashMap() {delete pMemorySegment;}

    size_t getMEMSize() { return pMemorySegment->get_size(); }
    size_t getMEMFreeSize() { return pMemorySegment->get_free_memory(); }

    bool get(const KeyType& key, MappedType& value, uint32_t& expire);
    bool set(const KeyType& key, const MappedType& value, uint32_t expire);
    bool del(const KeyType& key);

private:
    void doCapacityElimination();

    std::string _name;
    boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory* pMemorySegment;
    boost::shared_mutex mutex, mutex_eliminate;
    float fEliminateThreshold, fEliminateScale;
};

推荐答案

当然可以. std :: string 从堆中分配.

Of course. std::string allocates from the heap.

该堆位于您的进程地址空间中，因此任何其他读取相同共享内存的进程都将在那里获得错误的原始指针并调用UB.

The heap is in your process address space, so any other process reading the same shared memory is going to get a wrong raw pointer there and invoke UB.

您还需要对字符串使用共享内存分配器.

You need to use a shared-memory allocator with the strings too.

在Coliru上直播 (使用映射文件)

具有共享内存:

#include <boost/interprocess/managed_shared_memory.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/allocators/allocator.hpp>
#include <boost/container/scoped_allocator.hpp>
#include <boost/container/string.hpp>
#include <boost/unordered_map.hpp>
#include <iostream>

namespace bip = boost::interprocess;

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
    typedef int KeyType;

    typedef boost::container::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, bip::allocator<char, bip::managed_shared_memory::segment_manager> > MappedType;

    typedef std::pair<KeyType, MappedType> ValueType;
    typedef boost::interprocess::allocator<ValueType, boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory::segment_manager> ShmAlloc;
    typedef boost::unordered_map<KeyType, MappedType, boost::hash<KeyType>, std::equal_to<KeyType>, boost::container::scoped_allocator_adaptor<ShmAlloc> > ShmHashMap;

    boost::interprocess::managed_shared_memory segment(boost::interprocess::open_or_create, "ContainerSharedMemory", 65536);

    if(argc == 2 && std::string(argv[1]) == "clear")
    {
        boost::interprocess::shared_memory_object::remove("ContainerSharedMemory");
        return 0;
    }

    ShmHashMap *hash_map = segment.find_or_construct<ShmHashMap>(boost::interprocess::unique_instance)(segment.get_segment_manager());

    if(hash_map == NULL)
    {
        std::cout << "find_or_construct error" << std::endl;
        return 0;
    }

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
        ShmHashMap::iterator iter = hash_map->find(i);
        if (iter == hash_map->end()) {
            hash_map->insert(ValueType(i, MappedType { "hello", segment.get_segment_manager() }));
        }
    }

    std::cout << "all..." << std::endl;
    for(ShmHashMap::iterator iter = hash_map->begin(); iter != hash_map->end(); ++iter)
    {
        std::cout << iter->first << "|" << iter->second << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << "end..." << std::endl;
}

打印

all...
4|hello
3|hello
2|hello
1|hello
0|hello
end...

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