使用csv.DictReader创建嵌套字典 [英] Creating nested dict using csv.DictReader
问题描述
我正在使用 python csv模块,并且我有一个包含3的CSV列,项目,零件,类别.
I am using the python csv module and I have a CSV with 3 columns, Item, Part, Category.
我想创建一个将所有类别组合在一起的字典,然后用Item:Part对它们的值进行排序.
I'd like to create a dict that combines all the categories and then sorts their values with the Item:Part.
例如:
512 SSD SATA,42-000153,Hardware
5M DisplayPort 1.2 Cable,42-000135,Cable
90W AC Adapter,42-000146,Adapter
4 port USB hub,42-000126,Adapter
我得到的结果是:
mydict = {
Hardware:{512 SSD SATA:42-000153},
Cable:{5M DisplayPort 1.2 Cable,42-000135},
Adapter:{90W AC Adapter:42-000146},
Adapter:{4 port USB hub:42-000126}
}
这几乎使我到了那里
def build_dict(source_file):
projects = defaultdict(dict)
headers = ['Product', 'Part Number', 'Category']
with open(source_file, 'rb') as fp:
reader = csv.DictReader(fp, fieldnames=headers, dialect='excel',
skipinitialspace=True)
for rowdict in reader:
if None in rowdict:
del rowdict[None]
category = rowdict.pop("Category")
projects[category] = rowdict
return dict(projects)
source_file = 'test.csv'
我正在寻找的结果:
mydict = {
Hardware:{512 SSD SATA:42-000153},
Cable:{5M DisplayPort 1.2 Cable,42-000135},
Adapter:{90W AC Adapter:42-000146,4 port USB hub:42-000126}
}
请帮助!
推荐答案
我会利用Python的内置函数来做到这一点:
I'd leverage the use of Python's built-ins to do it:
import csv
from collections import defaultdict
mydict = defaultdict(dict)
with open('inventory.csv', 'rb') as inf:
for row in csv.DictReader(inf, fieldnames=['Product', 'Part Number',
'Category']):
mydict[row['Category']][row['Product']] = row['Part Number']
import json # for pretty-printing result
print(json.dumps(mydict, indent=4))
输出:
{
"Hardware": {
"512 SSD SATA": "42-000153"
},
"Adapter": {
"4 port USB hub": "42-000126",
"90W AC Adapter": "42-000146"
},
"Cable": {
"5M DisplayPort 1.2 Cable": "42-000135"
}
}
FWIW,您也可以通过这种方式进行操作,这需要花费几行代码,但是会使内循环中发生的事情更具可读性.结果将是相同的.请注意,它使用的是 csv.reader
而不是 csv.DictReader
.
FWIW, you could also do it this way, which takes a few more lines of code, but would make what's going on in the inner-loop a little more readable. The result would be identical. Note it uses csv.reader
not csv.DictReader
.
import csv
from collections import defaultdict
from collections import namedtuple
Record = namedtuple('Record', ['product', 'part_number', 'category'])
mydict = defaultdict(dict)
with open('inventory.csv', 'rb') as inf:
for rec in map(Record._make, csv.reader(inf)):
mydict[rec.category][rec.product] = rec.part_number # more readable
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