根据值更改WPF DataGrid列单元格背景色 [英] Change WPF DataGrid column cell background color based on values
问题描述
我正在尝试在某些列中用颜色填充单元格.列名称为"NRO"，我想填充以2种黄色开始注视的单元格和以3种蓝色开始注视的单元格.我在这里给出了答案:根据值更改DataGrid单元格颜色
I am trying to fill cells with color in certain column. Column name is "NRO" and I want to fill cells staring with 2 yellow color and cells starting with 3 blue color. I went through answer given here: Change DataGrid cell colour based on values
还尝试了其他几种方法，但是其中任何一种都无法正常工作.我也不了解如何在我的设置中实施其中的任何一个.它们似乎都具有< DataGridTextColumn Binding ="{Binding Name}"> .在我的情况下应该是什么?
Also tried several other approaches but can't get any of them work. I also don't understand how to implement any of them in my setup. They all seems to have <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Name}">. What it should be in my case?
这是我的XAML:
<Window x:Class="DB_inspector_FilterTest.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Title="DB database inspector v.0.0.01" Height="600" Width="1000" Icon="logo_icon-small.jpg" Background="White">
<Grid Background="White">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<DataGrid x:Name="DataGrid1" Margin="0,103,0,0" Background="White" BorderBrush="#FF38853F"/>
<TextBox x:Name="NameSearch" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="20" Margin="22,41,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="437" TextChanged="NameSearch_TextChanged"/>
<Button Content="Load" Margin="640,41,0,0" Click="Button_Click_1" BorderBrush="{x:Null}" Foreground="White" Background="#FF55B432" Width="66" Height="29" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
<ProgressBar x:Name="ProgressBar" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="11" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="992" BorderBrush="{x:Null}" Background="{x:Null}"/>
<Label Content="Customer name" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="25" Margin="22,11,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="154"/>
<CheckBox x:Name="ActiveCustomer" Content="Active" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="24" Margin="486,63,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="86" Click="ActiveCustomer_Click_1"/>
<CheckBox x:Name="Only" Content="Leave only good" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="17" Margin="486,41,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="115" Click="CheckBox_Click"/>
<Image Margin="856,0,22,520" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Source="logo_small.jpg" Height="27"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
添加:
如果有人有时间，而我将尝试自己弄清楚它，请给我一些如何进行我的申请的提示，这是我的完整代码:
If anybody have time, while I will be trying to figure it out myself, give me some hints how to proceed with my application, here is my full code:
using System.Data.Odbc;
using System.Windows;
using System.Data;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System;
namespace DB_inspector_FilterTest
{
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private async void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
ProgressBar.IsIndeterminate = true;
DataGrid1.ItemsSource = await GetDataAsync();
ProgressBar.IsIndeterminate = false;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
private Task<DataView> GetDataAsync()
{
return Task.Run(() =>
{
string connectionStringDE = "Driver={Pervasive ODBC Client Interface};ServerName=DB123;dbq=@DBFSSE;Uid=ADMIN;Pwd=123;";
string queryStringDE = "select NRO,NAME,NAMEA,NAMEB,ADDRESS,POSTA,POSTN,POSTB,CORPORATION,COUNTRY,ID,ACTIVE from COMPANY";
string connectionStringFR = "Driver={Pervasive ODBC Client Interface};ServerName=DB123;dbq=@DBFSFI;Uid=ADMIN;Pwd=123;";
string queryStringFR = "select NRO,NAME,NAMEA,NAMEB,ADDRESS,POSTA,POSTN,POSTB,CORPORATION,COUNTRY,ID,ACTIVE from COMPANY";
DataTable dataTable = new DataTable("COMPANY");
// using-statement will cleanly close and dispose unmanaged resources i.e. IDisposable instances
using (OdbcConnection dbConnectionDE = new OdbcConnection(connectionStringDE))
{
dbConnectionDE.Open();
OdbcDataAdapter dadapterDE = new OdbcDataAdapter();
dadapterDE.SelectCommand = new OdbcCommand(queryStringDE, dbConnectionDE);
dadapterDE.Fill(dataTable);
}
using (OdbcConnection dbConnectionFR = new OdbcConnection(connectionStringFR))
{
dbConnectionFR.Open();
OdbcDataAdapter dadapterFR = new OdbcDataAdapter();
dadapterFR.SelectCommand = new OdbcCommand(queryStringFR, dbConnectionFR);
var newTable = new DataTable("COMPANY");
dadapterFR.Fill(newTable);
dataTable.Merge(newTable);
}
return dataTable.DefaultView;
});
}
private Dictionary<string, string> _conditions = new Dictionary<string, string>();
private void UpdateFilter()
{
try
{
var activeConditions = _conditions.Where(c => c.Value != null).Select(c => "(" + c.Value + ")");
DataView dv = DataGrid1.ItemsSource as DataView;
dv.RowFilter = string.Join(" AND ", activeConditions);
}
catch (Exception)
{
//MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
private void NameSearch_TextChanged(object sender, System.Windows.Controls.TextChangedEventArgs e)
{
string filter = NameSearch.Text;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filter))
_conditions["name"] = null;
else
_conditions["name"] = string.Format("NAME Like '%{0}%'", filter);
UpdateFilter();
}
private void ActiveCustomer_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
if (ActiveCustomer.IsChecked == true)
{
_conditions["active"] = string.Format("ACTIVE Like '%{0}%'", "1");
UpdateFilter();
}
else
{
_conditions["active"] = null;
UpdateFilter();
}
}
private void CheckBox_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
if (OnlyFIandSE.IsChecked == true)
{
_conditions["onlyfrandde"] = string.Format("NRO Like '2%' OR NRO Like '3%'");
UpdateFilter();
}
else
{
_conditions["onlyfrandde"] = null;
UpdateFilter();
}
}
}
}
我至少现在不了解的事情:就我而言，我应该如何设置ItemSource进行绑定?我应该先将数据库导入列表"，然后再绑定到列表吗?
Things I don't understand at least now: How in my case I should setup ItemSource for binding? Should I import databases to List first and then Bind to the list?
尝试3:
这是我最新的MVVM尝试.
Here is my latest MVVM attempt.
C#:
using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Odbc;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Input;
namespace DB_inspector
{
/// <summary>
/// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
}
public class ViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public ICommand myCommand => new RelayCommand(obj =>
{
try
{
string connectionStringDE = "Driver={Pervasive ODBC Client Interface};ServerName=DB123;dbq=@DBFSSE;Uid=ADMIN;Pwd=123;";
string queryStringDE = "select NRO,NAME,NAMEA,NAMEB,ADDRESS,POSTA,POSTN,POSTB,CORPORATION,COUNTRY,ID,ACTIVE from COMPANY";
string connectionStringFR = "Driver={Pervasive ODBC Client Interface};ServerName=DB123;dbq=@DBFSFI;Uid=ADMIN;Pwd=123;";
string queryStringFR = "select NRO,NAME,NAMEA,NAMEB,ADDRESS,POSTA,POSTN,POSTB,CORPORATION,COUNTRY,ID,ACTIVE from COMPANY";
DataTable dataTable = new DataTable("COMPANY");
// using-statement will cleanly close and dispose unmanaged resources i.e. IDisposable instances
using (OdbcConnection dbConnectionDE = new OdbcConnection(connectionStringDE))
{
dbConnectionDE.Open();
OdbcDataAdapter dadapterDE = new OdbcDataAdapter();
dadapterDE.SelectCommand = new OdbcCommand(queryStringDE, dbConnectionDE);
dadapterDE.Fill(dataTable);
}
using (OdbcConnection dbConnectionFR = new OdbcConnection(connectionStringFR))
{
dbConnectionFR.Open();
OdbcDataAdapter dadapterFR = new OdbcDataAdapter();
dadapterFR.SelectCommand = new OdbcCommand(queryStringFR, dbConnectionFR);
var newTable = new DataTable("COMPANY");
dadapterFR.Fill(newTable);
dataTable.Merge(newTable);
}
_ = dataTable.DefaultView;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
});
private bool _allowUIChanges = true;
public bool AllowUIChanges
{
get => _allowUIChanges;
set
{
_allowUIChanges = value;
OnPropertyChanged(nameof(AllowUIChanges));
OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsReadOnlyDataGrid));
}
}
private void OnPropertyChanged(string v)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public bool IsReadOnlyDataGrid
{
get => !_allowUIChanges;
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
}
public class RelayCommand : ICommand
{
private readonly Action<object> _execute;
private readonly Func<object, bool> _canExecute;
public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
{
add { CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; }
remove { CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; }
}
public RelayCommand(Action<object> execute, Func<object, bool> canExecute = null)
{
_execute = execute;
_canExecute = canExecute;
}
public bool CanExecute(object parameter) => _canExecute == null || _canExecute(parameter);
public void Execute(object parameter) => _execute(parameter);
}
}
XAML:
<Window x:Class="DB_inspector.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Title="DB database inspector" Height="595.404" Width="1005.571">
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<DataGrid IsReadOnly="{Binding IsReadOnlyDataGrid}" AutoGenerateColumns="False" ItemsSource="{Binding MyCollection}" Width="998" Margin="0,98,0,0" >
</DataGrid>
<Image Height="41" Margin="0,21,10,0" Width="141" Source="logo_small.jpg" HorizontalAlignment="Right" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
<Button Content="Go" Command="{Binding myCommand}" Width="80" Height="30" Margin="48,42,870,492"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
任何建议在这里仍然有什么问题?没有错误，但是按钮不执行任何操作.
Any suggestions what is still wrong here? No errors, but button does not process anything.
推荐答案
我建议为Cell的Background属性绑定 IValueConverter 或 IMultiValueConverter .
I suggest IValueConverter or IMultiValueConverter binding for Cell's Background property.
我不确定它如何与自动生成的列集一起工作，但是对于手动，它看起来像这样.我在这里提供的不是工作副本，而是标记示例.
I'm not sure how it works with autogenerated columns set but with manual it looks like this. I'm providing here not a working copy but a markup example.
XAML
<Window.Resources>
<local:MyCellBackgroundConverter x:Key="myCellBackgroundConverter"/>
</Window.Resources>
<Window.DataContext>
<local:ViewModel/>
</Window.DataContext>
<Grid>
<!-- some your markup here -->
<DataGrid AutoGenerateColumns="False" ItemsSource="{Binding MyCollection}">
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Column1" Binding="{Binding Value1}">
<DataGridTextColumn.CellStyle>
<Style TargetType="DataGridCell">
<Setter Property="Background">
<Setter.Value>
<MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource myCellBackgroundConverter}">
<Binding Path="Value1"/>
<Binding Path="Value2"/>
</MultiBinding>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</DataGridTextColumn.CellStyle>
</DataGridTextColumn>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Column2" Binding="{Binding Value2}"/>
</DataGrid>
</Grid>
ViewModel类
The ViewModel Class
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.ComponentModel;
// ...
public class ViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private ObservableCollection<MyItem> _myCollection = new ObservableCollection<MyItem>();
public ObservableCollection<MyItem> MyCollection
{
get => _myCollection;
set
{
_myCollection = value;
OnPropertyChanged(nameof(MyCollection));
}
}
public ViewModel()
// you may load or add the data to MyCollection here
{
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
=> PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
项目
using System.ComponentModel;
// ...
public class MyItem : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private string _value1 = string.Empty;
private string _value2 = string.Empty;
public string Value1
{
get => _value1;
set { _value1 = value; OnPropertyChanged(nameof(Value1)); }
}
public string Value2
{
get => _value2;
set { _value2 = value; OnPropertyChanged(nameof(Value2)); }
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
=> PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
最后是转换器
using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Media;
//...
public class MyCellBackgroundConverter : IMultiValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
if (values[0] is string value1 && values[1] is string value2)
{
if (value1.Length > 0)
{
return Brushes.Green;
}
else
if (value2.Length > 0)
{
return Brushes.Yellow;
}
else
return Brushes.Red;
}
else return Brushes.White;
}
public object[] ConvertBack(object value, Type[] targetTypes, object parameter, CultureInfo culture) => null;
}
您也可以直接在XAML中使用 Style.DataTriggers .
In alternative way you may use Style.DataTriggers directly in XAML.
有关绑定和属性的其他信息，请查找 MVVM 编程模式.简而言之，您不再需要 x:Name ，因为在 MVVM 模式中，您仅与ViewModel类数据实例进行交互，而不能直接与那里的contols进行交互(这很好).同时，Contols会自动与绑定到它们的数据同步.在此处调用 OnPropertyChanged("PropertyName")只会导致GUI刷新.
For additional information about bindings and properties look for MVVM programming pattern. In short you're not need x:Name anymore because in MVVM pattern you interacting only with ViewModel class data instances and can't interact with contols directly there (and that's fine). Meanwhile Contols automatically sync with data binded to them. Calling OnPropertyChanged("PropertyName") here simply cause the GUI refresh.
关于XAML示例的标记，请尝试将Control组包装在 StackPanel 中并对其进行了解.这将节省您花时间与利润抗争.只需在Window的 Grid 中设置几个列和/或行，然后将StackPanels放置在此处，即可为它们分配 Grid.Column 和 Grid.Row .
In relation to markup of your XAML example, try wrapping the Control groups in StackPanel and learn about it. It will save your time spent fighting with margins. Simply set few colums and/or rows in Window's Grid and place StackPanels there assigning Grid.Column and Grid.Row to them.
添加:
在我的情况下，应如何设置ItemSource进行绑定?我应该先将数据库导入列表"，然后再绑定到列表吗?
How in my case I should setup ItemSource for binding? Should I import databases to List first and then Bind to the list?
ObservableCollection<> 与 List<> 相同，您可以以相同的方式使用它.第一个实现的区别是 CollectionChanged 事件，该事件通知DataGrid是否在集合中添加或删除了任何项目.
ObservableCollection<> is same as List<> and you may use it in the same way. The difference that first one implements CollectionChanged event that notifies DataGrid if any items was added or removed from the collection.
您的 Button.Click 事件处理程序包含冗余的异步/等待声明.
Your Button.Click event handler contains redundant async/await declaration.
让我们继续前进，看看如何使用 MVVM 完成它.
Let's move forward and see how it can be done with MVVM.
XAML
<Button Content="Go" Command="{Binding myCommand}"/>
命令必须实现ICommand接口.您必须做两件事才能正确实施:
Command must implement ICommand interface. You have to do 2 things for proper implementation:
1)添加实现 ICommand 接口的单独的 RelayCommand 类
1) Add RelayCommand separate Class implementing ICommand interface
public class RelayCommand : ICommand
{
private readonly Action<object> _execute;
private readonly Func<object, bool> _canExecute;
public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
{
add { CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; }
remove { CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; }
}
public RelayCommand(Action<object> execute, Func<object, bool> canExecute = null)
{
_execute = execute;
_canExecute = canExecute;
}
public bool CanExecute(object parameter) => _canExecute == null || _canExecute(parameter);
public void Execute(object parameter) => _execute(parameter);
}
2)将Command实例添加到您的 ViewModel 类
2) Add the Command instance to your ViewModel class
public ICommand myCommand => new RelayCommand(obj =>
{
// do the same here as in Button.Click above
});
接下来，您可能需要一些阻止用户界面的东西，以防止用户在数据加载时执行任何操作.
Next, you may need some blocking UI thing that will prevent user from any actions while data is loading.
ViewModel
ViewModel
private bool _allowUIChanges = true;
public bool AllowUIChanges
{
get => _allowUIChanges;
set
{
_allowUIChanges = value;
OnPropertyChanged(nameof(AllowUIChanges));
OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsReadOnlyDataGrid));
}
}
public bool IsReadOnlyDataGrid
{
get => !_allowUIChanges;
}
最后将您的控件属性绑定到它
Finally bind your Control properties to it
XAML
<Button Content="Go" Command="{Binding myCommand}" Enabled="{Binding AllowUIChanges}"/>
<DataGrid IsReadOnly="{Binding IsReadOnlyDataGrid}" AutoGenerateColumns="False" ItemsSource="{Binding MyCollection}">
然后在加载数据时将 AllowUIChanges 设置为 false .
Then set AllowUIChanges to false while data is loading.
这篇关于根据值更改WPF DataGrid列单元格背景色的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
